Close Window    All Occupations View All 4th Quarter 2012 Search Occupation: SOC Code: Education/Training Level: Select... Associate's degree Bachelor's degree Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Doctoral degree First professional degree Long-term on-the-job training Master's degree Moderate-term on-the-job training N/A Postsecondary non-degree award Short-term on-the-job training Work experience in a related occupation     Total for All Occupations Employment Employment Change Average Annual Job Openings Wage 2012 2017 Numerical Percent New Jobs Replacement Jobs Total Median Hourly Median Annual 1,213,204 1,301,589 88,386 7.29% 17,677 27,895 45,572 $23.71 $49,325     Employment Employment Change Average Annual Job Openings Wages and Training Levels Occupation SOC 2012 2017 Numerical Percent New Jobs Replacement Jobs Total Median Hourly Median Annual Education and Training Level Accountants and Auditors 13-2011 12062 12826 764 6% 153 259 412 $27.81 $57,840 Bachelor's degree Actors 27-2011 581 641 59 10% 12 15 27 $13.41 $27,892 Long-term on-the-job training Actuaries 15-2011 89 99 10 10% 2 5 7 $41.63 $86,596 Bachelor's degree Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders 51-9191 58 50 -8 -14% -2 1 -1 $12.16 $25,295 Moderate-term on-the-job training Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers 23-1021 323 311 -12 -3% -2 6 4 $56.20 $116,902 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Administrative Services Managers 11-3011 2013 2139 126 6% 25 50 75 $42.22 $87,825 Work experience in a related occupation Adult Basic and Secondary Education and Literacy Teachers and Instructors 25-3011 498 595 97 20% 19 8 27 $18.42 $38,316 Bachelor's degree Advertising and Promotions Managers 11-2011 267 289 22 8% 4 8 12 $31.12 $64,736 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Advertising Sales Agents 41-3011 1096 1181 85 8% 17 33 51 $22.01 $45,787 Moderate-term on-the-job training Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technicians 17-3021 95 99 4 3% 1 2 3 $32.94 $68,518 Associate's degree Aerospace Engineers 17-2011 803 917 114 14% 23 18 40 $54.84 $114,064 Bachelor's degree Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes 13-1011 329 373 43 13% 9 6 15 $17.87 $37,180 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Agricultural and Food Science Technicians 19-4011 303 316 13 5% 3 10 13 $12.97 $26,967 Associate's degree Agricultural Engineers 17-2021 23 24 2 9% 0 1 1 $37.97 $78,986 Bachelor's degree Agricultural Equipment Operators 45-2091 715 713 -2 0% -1 22 21 $11.58 $24,085 Short-term on-the-job training Agricultural Inspectors 45-2011 216 223 7 3% 1 6 8 $22.63 $47,077 Bachelor's degree Agricultural Workers, All Other 45-2099 176 172 -4 -3% -1 5 4 $13.21 $27,469 Short-term on-the-job training Air Traffic Controllers 53-2021 367 366 -1 0% 0 14 14 $69.24 $144,015 Associate's degree Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors 53-1011 97 107 10 10% 2 2 4 $18.43 $38,331 Work experience in a related occupation Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians 49-3011 378 419 41 11% 8 11 20 $26.95 $56,062 Postsecondary non-degree award Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers 51-2011 114 137 22 19% 4 2 7 $22.75 $47,329 Moderate-term on-the-job training Airfield Operations Specialists 53-2022 5 6 1 50% 0 0 0 $31.97 $66,501 Long-term on-the-job training Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers 53-2011 68 80 13 19% 3 3 5 $47.54 $98,879 Bachelor's degree Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians 53-3011 118 152 34 29% 7 2 9 $13.88 $28,872 Moderate-term on-the-job training Amusement and Recreation Attendants 39-3091 2440 2606 166 7% 33 140 173 $9.50 $19,762 Short-term on-the-job training Anesthesiologists 29-1061 487 511 25 5% 5 10 15 $97.31 $202,398 First professional degree Animal Breeders 45-2021 28 26 -2 -7% 0 1 0 $15.51 $32,256 Work experience in a related occupation Animal Control Workers 33-9011 53 58 4 8% 1 1 2 $19.81 $41,196 Moderate-term on-the-job training Animal Scientists 19-1011 31 34 3 13% 1 1 2 $29.64 $61,646 Doctoral degree Animal Trainers 39-2011 1020 1090 70 7% 14 10 24 $12.56 $26,129 Moderate-term on-the-job training Anthropologists and Archeologists 19-3091 132 146 15 11% 3 6 9 $31.34 $65,198 Master's degree Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate 13-2021 3429 3618 190 6% 38 73 111 $18.48 $38,443 Associate's degree Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators 23-1022 84 81 -2 -2% 0 2 1 $32.36 $67,319 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Architects, Except Landscape and Naval 17-1011 1454 1463 9 1% 2 30 31 $30.99 $64,453 Bachelor's degree Architectural and Civil Drafters 17-3011 1007 960 -46 -5% -9 19 10 $25.48 $53,008 Associate's degree Architectural and Engineering Managers 11-9041 1527 1625 98 6% 20 30 49 $64.53 $134,225 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Archivists 25-4011 46 48 2 4% 0 1 2 $24.73 $51,443 Master's degree Art Directors 27-1011 1225 1321 96 8% 19 29 48 $15.41 $32,062 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Artists and Related Workers, All Other 27-1019 336 367 31 9% 6 8 14 $10.09 $20,988 Long-term on-the-job training Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other 51-2099 901 946 45 5% 9 18 27 $13.68 $28,460 Moderate-term on-the-job training Astronomers 19-2011 56 60 4 7% 1 2 3 $47.50 $98,795 Doctoral degree Athletes and Sports Competitors 27-2021 161 184 23 15% 5 4 9 $24.96 $51,914 Long-term on-the-job training Athletic Trainers 29-9091 61 69 8 15% 2 2 4 $21.61 $44,951 Bachelor's degree Atmospheric and Space Scientists 19-2021 125 135 10 8% 2 1 3 $54.97 $114,328 Bachelor's degree Audio and Video Equipment Technicians 27-4011 351 373 23 7% 5 10 14 $17.59 $36,593 Postsecondary non-degree award Audio-Visual and Multimedia Collections Specialists 25-9011 142 150 8 6% 2 3 5 $17.35 $36,078 Bachelor's degree Audiologists 29-1181 70 85 15 23% 3 0 3 $39.36 $81,862 First professional degree Automotive and Watercraft Service Attendants 53-6031 804 950 146 18% 29 26 56 $9.93 $20,647 Short-term on-the-job training Automotive Body and Related Repairers 49-3021 920 925 5 1% 1 22 23 $17.33 $36,042 Moderate-term on-the-job training Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers 49-3022 165 168 3 2% 1 4 5 $15.92 $33,122 Moderate-term on-the-job training Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics 49-3023 5649 5879 230 4% 46 146 192 $18.65 $38,784 Postsecondary non-degree award Avionics Technicians 49-2091 116 124 8 8% 2 3 4 $25.10 $52,218 Postsecondary non-degree award Baggage Porters and Bellhops 39-6011 111 129 18 16% 4 3 6 $9.77 $20,325 Short-term on-the-job training Bailiffs 33-3011 14 15 1 7% 0 0 0 $20.80 $43,264 Moderate-term on-the-job training Bakers 51-3011 871 932 61 7% 12 25 37 $12.89 $26,805 Long-term on-the-job training Barbers 39-5011 749 923 174 23% 35 14 48 $10.33 $21,493 Postsecondary non-degree award Bartenders 35-3011 2654 2889 235 9% 47 92 139 $9.17 $19,081 Short-term on-the-job training Bicycle Repairers 49-3091 55 62 7 13% 1 1 3 $10.58 $22,005 Moderate-term on-the-job training Bill and Account Collectors 43-3011 3270 3374 104 3% 21 64 85 $18.09 $37,631 Moderate-term on-the-job training Billing and Posting Clerks 43-3021 3686 4005 319 9% 64 64 128 $17.00 $35,352 Short-term on-the-job training Biochemists and Biophysicists 19-1021 400 513 113 28% 23 9 32 $38.12 $79,288 Doctoral degree Biological Scientists, All Other 19-1029 472 507 35 7% 7 11 18 $36.12 $75,130 Doctoral degree Biological Technicians 19-4021 712 814 102 14% 20 24 44 $15.93 $33,124 Bachelor's degree Biomedical Engineers 17-2031 95 135 40 42% 8 2 10 $39.88 $82,942 Bachelor's degree Boilermakers 47-2011 24 30 6 21% 1 1 2 $26.24 $54,586 Long-term on-the-job training Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks 43-3031 13618 14486 868 6% 174 150 323 $18.36 $38,183 Moderate-term on-the-job training Brickmasons and Blockmasons 47-2021 497 465 -32 -7% -6 10 4 $18.38 $38,229 Long-term on-the-job training Bridge and Lock Tenders 53-6011 19 22 3 16% 1 1 1 $23.08 $48,014 Short-term on-the-job training Broadcast News Analysts 27-3021 40 47 8 21% 2 1 3 $29.57 $61,504 Bachelor's degree Broadcast Technicians 27-4012 315 374 59 19% 12 9 21 $17.56 $36,528 Associate's degree Brokerage Clerks 43-4011 337 358 20 6% 4 9 14 $17.01 $35,391 Moderate-term on-the-job training Budget Analysts 13-2031 704 753 49 7% 10 15 25 $31.21 $64,925 Bachelor's degree Building Cleaning Workers, All Other 37-2019 79 89 9 11% 2 2 3 $15.84 $32,937 Short-term on-the-job training Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists 49-3031 1484 1527 43 3% 9 32 41 $20.51 $42,651 Postsecondary non-degree award Bus Drivers, School or Special Client 53-3022 1580 1672 92 6% 18 31 49 $15.33 $31,878 Moderate-term on-the-job training Bus Drivers, Transit and Intercity 53-3021 1300 1366 66 5% 13 25 38 $23.50 $48,881 Moderate-term on-the-job training Business Operations Specialists, All Other 13-1199 15107 15759 653 4% 131 290 420 $31.18 $64,854 Long-term on-the-job training Butchers and Meat Cutters 51-3021 1274 1358 83 7% 17 37 54 $18.03 $37,509 Long-term on-the-job training Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products 13-1021 45 51 6 13% 1 1 2 $25.74 $53,541 Long-term on-the-job training Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters 51-7011 727 528 -199 -27% -40 18 -22 $12.61 $26,220 Moderate-term on-the-job training Camera and Photographic Equipment Repairers 49-9061 11 11 1 10% 0 0 0 $17.19 $35,755 Associate's degree Camera Operators, Television, Video, and Motion Picture 27-4031 143 166 23 15% 4 3 7 $15.28 $31,777 Bachelor's degree Captains, Mates, and Pilots of Water Vessels 53-5021 97 112 16 17% 3 4 7 $27.10 $56,368 Bachelor's degree Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians 29-2031 268 306 38 14% 8 4 12 $28.58 $59,446 Associate's degree Career/Technical Education Teachers, Middle School 25-2023 20 23 3 16% 1 0 1 $23.46 $48,793 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Career/Technical Education Teachers, Secondary School 25-2032 177 181 4 2% 1 5 6 $32.69 $68,000 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Cargo and Freight Agents 43-5011 205 234 29 14% 6 5 11 $15.58 $32,413 Short-term on-the-job training Carpenters 47-2031 9513 9204 -309 -3% -62 202 140 $19.13 $39,799 Long-term on-the-job training Carpet Installers 47-2041 468 454 -14 -3% -3 10 7 $18.86 $39,219 Short-term on-the-job training Cartographers and Photogrammetrists 17-1021 217 230 13 6% 3 5 7 $35.83 $74,527 Bachelor's degree Cashiers 41-2011 21654 23277 1623 8% 325 982 1307 $9.99 $20,773 Short-term on-the-job training Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers 47-2051 1359 1323 -37 -3% -7 21 14 $19.78 $41,150 Moderate-term on-the-job training Chefs and Head Cooks 35-1011 979 1014 35 4% 7 18 25 $19.08 $39,693 Work experience in a related occupation Chemical Engineers 17-2041 67 88 21 31% 4 2 6 $62.33 $129,641 Bachelor's degree Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders 51-9011 29 35 7 25% 1 0 2 $25.95 $53,971 Moderate-term on-the-job training Chemical Plant and System Operators 51-8091 60 50 -10 -17% -2 2 0 $29.57 $61,496 Long-term on-the-job training Chemical Technicians 19-4031 320 378 58 18% 12 5 16 $23.23 $48,318 Associate's degree Chemists 19-2031 573 654 81 14% 16 19 35 $35.49 $73,819 Bachelor's degree Chief Executives 11-1011 4385 4537 151 3% 30 114 144 $49.21 $102,348 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Child, Family, and School Social Workers 21-1021 2301 2420 119 5% 24 55 78 $20.58 $42,799 Bachelor's degree Childcare Workers 39-9011 18850 19839 989 5% 198 594 791 $8.55 $17,780 Short-term on-the-job training Chiropractors 29-1011 476 424 -52 -11% -10 9 -1 $28.46 $59,202 First professional degree Choreographers 27-2032 108 121 13 12% 3 4 7 $19.58 $40,720 Work experience in a related occupation Civil Engineering Technicians 17-3022 800 825 25 3% 5 15 20 $27.76 $57,741 Associate's degree Civil Engineers 17-2051 4499 4625 125 3% 25 91 116 $47.10 $97,971 Bachelor's degree Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators 13-1031 3396 3340 -56 -2% -11 87 75 $28.75 $59,800 Long-term on-the-job training Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment 53-7061 2423 2695 273 11% 55 72 126 $9.68 $20,129 Short-term on-the-job training Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders 51-9192 44 43 -2 -5% 0 1 1 $9.61 $19,981 Moderate-term on-the-job training Clergy 21-2011 1154 1223 69 6% 14 20 33 $28.35 $58,967 Master's degree Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists 19-3031 2469 2641 172 7% 34 78 112 $30.30 $63,028 Doctoral degree Coaches and Scouts 27-2022 2302 2651 350 15% 70 58 128 $13.30 $27,674 Long-term on-the-job training Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9121 191 201 9 5% 2 4 6 $13.94 $28,995 Moderate-term on-the-job training Coil Winders, Tapers, and Finishers 51-2021 13 14 1 0% 0 0 0 $16.62 $34,569 Short-term on-the-job training Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers 49-9091 311 282 -30 -10% -6 6 0 $13.11 $27,268 Short-term on-the-job training Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food 35-3021 18544 21750 3206 17% 641 518 1159 $9.07 $18,862 Short-term on-the-job training Commercial and Industrial Designers 27-1021 220 238 17 8% 3 7 10 $21.78 $45,298 Bachelor's degree Commercial Divers 49-9092 58 60 2 4% 0 1 1 $17.38 $36,154 Postsecondary non-degree award Commercial Pilots 53-2012 214 259 46 22% 9 8 17 $28.77 $59,844 Postsecondary non-degree award Communications Equipment Operators, All Other 43-2099 23 22 0 0% 0 1 1 $20.00 $41,594 Short-term on-the-job training Community and Social Service Specialists, All Other 21-1798 1200 1270 69 6% 14 26 40 $23.61 $49,105 Bachelor's degree Compensation and Benefits Managers 11-3111 177 180 3 1% 1 4 5 $46.33 $96,358 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists 13-1141 1678 1675 -2 0% 0 28 28 $28.32 $58,903 Bachelor's degree Compliance Officers 13-1041 1358 1506 148 11% 30 16 46 $32.00 $66,570 Bachelor's degree Computer and Information Research Scientists 15-1111 431 462 31 7% 6 8 14 $47.80 $99,434 Doctoral degree Computer and Information Systems Managers 11-3021 2980 3141 161 5% 32 46 78 $49.27 $102,472 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Computer Hardware Engineers 17-2061 896 857 -39 -4% -8 21 13 $52.95 $110,127 Bachelor's degree Computer Numerically Controlled Machine Tool Programmers, Metal and Plastic 51-4012 78 86 9 12% 2 1 3 $30.20 $62,809 Moderate-term on-the-job training Computer Occupations, All Other 15-1799 1248 1246 -2 0% 0 23 23 $37.69 $78,396 Bachelor's degree Computer Operators 43-9011 787 777 -10 -1% -2 8 6 $22.35 $46,495 Moderate-term on-the-job training Computer Programmers 15-1131 3162 3230 67 2% 13 74 87 $35.79 $74,441 Bachelor's degree Computer Support Specialists 15-1159 4068 4358 290 7% 58 107 165 $27.39 $56,966 Associate's degree Computer Systems Analysts 15-1121 8679 9070 391 5% 78 163 241 $36.20 $75,305 Bachelor's degree Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers 49-2011 1700 1601 -100 -6% -20 42 22 $17.40 $36,194 Postsecondary non-degree award Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic 51-4011 201 242 40 20% 8 4 12 $16.72 $34,771 Moderate-term on-the-job training Concierges 39-6012 50 58 8 16% 2 1 3 $13.73 $28,555 Moderate-term on-the-job training Conservation Scientists 19-1031 391 404 13 3% 3 5 7 $32.87 $68,370 Bachelor's degree Construction and Building Inspectors 47-4011 878 950 71 8% 14 26 40 $27.26 $56,701 Work experience in a related occupation Construction and Related Workers, All Other 47-4799 577 585 8 1% 2 19 21 $15.18 $31,570 Moderate-term on-the-job training Construction Laborers 47-2061 9982 10168 186 2% 37 80 117 $15.74 $32,729 Short-term on-the-job training Construction Managers 11-9021 3453 3303 -150 -4% -30 22 -8 $31.82 $66,187 Bachelor's degree Continuous Mining Machine Operators 47-5041 4 2 -2 -75% 0 0 0 $22.82 $47,460 Moderate-term on-the-job training Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door 49-9012 176 191 15 9% 3 3 6 $21.94 $45,639 Moderate-term on-the-job training Conveyor Operators and Tenders 53-7011 209 210 1 0% 0 6 6 $13.08 $27,213 Short-term on-the-job training Cooks, All Other 35-2019 126 133 6 5% 1 3 4 $12.50 $26,001 Moderate-term on-the-job training Cooks, Fast Food 35-2011 8397 8716 319 4% 64 179 243 $8.83 $18,373 Short-term on-the-job training Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria 35-2012 1815 1985 170 9% 34 39 73 $13.04 $27,124 Short-term on-the-job training Cooks, Private Household 35-2013 8 9 1 0% 0 0 0 $14.71 $30,596 Postsecondary non-degree award Cooks, Restaurant 35-2014 5861 6739 878 15% 175 125 300 $10.87 $22,601 Moderate-term on-the-job training Cooks, Short Order 35-2015 719 800 81 11% 16 15 31 $11.55 $24,017 Short-term on-the-job training Cooling and Freezing Equipment Operators and Tenders 51-9193 59 62 3 5% 1 1 2 $14.96 $31,126 Moderate-term on-the-job training Correctional Officers and Jailers 33-3012 3034 3055 21 1% 4 53 57 $35.48 $73,807 Moderate-term on-the-job training Correspondence Clerks 43-4021 78 69 -9 -12% -2 2 0 $15.73 $32,714 Short-term on-the-job training Cost Estimators 13-1051 1934 2051 117 6% 23 37 60 $28.41 $59,097 Bachelor's degree Costume Attendants 39-3092 26 27 1 8% 0 2 2 $14.07 $29,272 Short-term on-the-job training Counselors, All Other 21-1019 228 245 17 7% 3 5 8 $21.07 $43,828 Master's degree Counter and Rental Clerks 41-2021 4949 5076 127 3% 25 113 138 $12.83 $26,688 Short-term on-the-job training Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop 35-3022 3546 3852 306 9% 61 257 318 $9.13 $18,994 Short-term on-the-job training Couriers and Messengers 43-5021 2136 1994 -142 -7% -28 52 24 $14.80 $30,789 Short-term on-the-job training Court Reporters 23-2091 443 451 9 2% 2 7 8 $26.69 $55,518 Postsecondary non-degree award Court, Municipal, and License Clerks 43-4031 756 786 30 4% 6 21 27 $21.94 $45,638 Moderate-term on-the-job training Craft Artists 27-1012 442 452 10 2% 2 10 13 $5.20 $10,811 Long-term on-the-job training Crane and Tower Operators 53-7021 84 89 5 6% 1 2 3 $21.50 $44,724 Long-term on-the-job training Credit Analysts 13-2041 213 240 27 13% 5 5 10 $28.07 $58,393 Bachelor's degree Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks 43-4041 81 87 6 9% 1 2 4 $19.37 $40,292 Short-term on-the-job training Credit Counselors 13-2071 117 127 10 9% 2 3 5 $21.46 $44,630 Bachelor's degree Crossing Guards 33-9091 393 402 9 2% 2 9 11 $15.94 $33,152 Short-term on-the-job training Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9021 90 90 0 0% 0 3 3 $15.80 $32,865 Moderate-term on-the-job training Curators 25-4012 58 63 4 7% 1 2 2 $28.32 $58,905 Master's degree Customer Service Representatives 43-4051 14993 16004 1011 7% 202 426 628 $16.79 $34,914 Short-term on-the-job training Cutters and Trimmers, Hand 51-9031 17 16 0 0% 0 0 0 $13.89 $28,884 Short-term on-the-job training Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9032 187 193 6 3% 1 4 5 $15.90 $33,069 Short-term on-the-job training Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4031 353 370 17 5% 3 3 6 $15.44 $32,109 Moderate-term on-the-job training Dancers 27-2031 184 206 22 12% 4 7 12 $11.09 $23,070 Long-term on-the-job training Data Entry Keyers 43-9021 2218 2179 -38 -2% -8 39 31 $18.42 $38,315 Moderate-term on-the-job training Database Administrators 15-1141 657 756 99 15% 20 11 31 $35.27 $73,363 Bachelor's degree Demonstrators and Product Promoters 41-9011 1549 1586 37 2% 7 45 53 $14.06 $29,251 Short-term on-the-job training Dental Assistants 31-9091 3228 3474 245 8% 49 68 117 $17.74 $36,897 Postsecondary non-degree award Dental Hygienists 29-2021 2113 2317 204 10% 41 42 83 $45.03 $93,670 Associate's degree Dental Laboratory Technicians 51-9081 335 336 1 0% 0 10 11 $17.33 $36,052 Moderate-term on-the-job training Dentists, All Other Specialists 29-1029 99 96 -3 -2% 0 3 2 $111.42 $231,758 First professional degree Dentists, General 29-1021 773 776 3 0% 1 23 24 $71.87 $149,483 First professional degree Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas 47-5011 17 21 4 25% 1 0 1 $19.57 $40,697 Short-term on-the-job training Designers, All Other 27-1029 74 78 4 4% 1 2 3 $18.65 $38,791 Bachelor's degree Desktop Publishers 43-9031 283 256 -27 -10% -5 5 0 $21.46 $44,646 Associate's degree Detectives and Criminal Investigators 33-3021 1563 1594 31 2% 6 35 41 $35.72 $74,300 Work experience in a related occupation Diagnostic Medical Sonographers 29-2032 327 394 66 20% 13 5 18 $42.12 $87,603 Associate's degree Dietetic Technicians 29-2051 130 143 13 10% 3 2 5 $19.54 $40,637 Moderate-term on-the-job training Dietitians and Nutritionists 29-1031 734 830 96 13% 19 26 45 $32.41 $67,406 Bachelor's degree Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers 35-9011 3220 3465 246 8% 49 120 169 $8.98 $18,670 Short-term on-the-job training Directors, Religious Activities and Education 21-2021 737 785 48 6% 10 14 23 $19.54 $40,634 Bachelor's degree Dishwashers 35-9021 3818 4205 387 10% 77 174 252 $8.99 $18,698 Short-term on-the-job training Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance 43-5032 1197 1316 118 10% 24 23 46 $18.92 $39,346 Moderate-term on-the-job training Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers 41-9091 7088 5936 -1152 -16% -230 159 -72 $11.30 $23,495 Short-term on-the-job training Drafters, All Other 17-3019 110 99 -11 -10% -2 2 0 $25.72 $53,502 Associate's degree Dredge Operators 53-7031 9 10 1 13% 0 0 1 $17.25 $35,887 Short-term on-the-job training Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4032 20 20 0 0% 0 0 0 $14.22 $29,575 Moderate-term on-the-job training Driver/Sales Workers 53-3031 2922 3154 233 8% 46 58 105 $9.54 $19,846 Short-term on-the-job training Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers 47-2081 1315 933 -382 -29% -76 36 -40 $21.46 $44,640 Moderate-term on-the-job training Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas 47-5021 83 88 5 5% 1 2 3 $20.56 $42,768 Moderate-term on-the-job training Economists 19-3011 199 205 6 3% 1 6 8 $37.50 $78,010 Master's degree Editors 27-3041 1210 1275 65 5% 13 34 47 $21.10 $43,884 Bachelor's degree Education Administrators, All Other 11-9039 450 495 46 10% 9 13 22 $33.14 $68,923 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Education Administrators, Elementary and Secondary School 11-9032 1455 1513 58 4% 12 41 53 $46.69 $97,120 Master's degree Education Administrators, Postsecondary 11-9033 491 543 52 11% 10 14 24 $42.87 $89,174 Master's degree Education Administrators, Preschool and Childcare Center/Program 11-9031 799 790 -8 -1% -2 22 21 $18.32 $38,098 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Education, Training, and Library Workers, All Other 25-9099 2052 2177 125 6% 25 45 70 $15.13 $31,479 Bachelor's degree Educational, Guidance, School, and Vocational Counselors 21-1012 1969 2102 133 7% 27 42 69 $30.10 $62,615 Master's degree Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers 49-2092 85 84 -1 -1% 0 1 0 $22.28 $46,336 Postsecondary non-degree award Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers 51-2022 992 1060 68 7% 14 14 28 $13.19 $27,430 Short-term on-the-job training Electrical and Electronics Drafters 17-3012 159 167 8 6% 2 3 5 $23.62 $49,125 Associate's degree Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technicians 17-3023 768 817 49 7% 10 15 25 $30.23 $62,871 Associate's degree Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment 49-2093 88 91 3 3% 1 2 3 $21.42 $44,557 Postsecondary non-degree award Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment 49-2094 390 392 2 0% 0 10 10 $30.82 $64,109 Postsecondary non-degree award Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay 49-2095 38 43 5 14% 1 1 2 $29.26 $60,852 Postsecondary non-degree award Electrical Engineers 17-2071 893 1015 122 14% 24 22 46 $48.57 $101,033 Bachelor's degree Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers 49-9051 387 431 44 12% 9 14 23 $41.82 $86,992 Long-term on-the-job training Electricians 47-2111 3201 3165 -35 -1% -7 86 79 $24.40 $50,747 Long-term on-the-job training Electro-Mechanical Technicians 17-3024 277 285 8 3% 2 5 7 $28.30 $58,854 Associate's degree Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers 51-2023 163 224 61 37% 12 2 15 $14.54 $30,239 Short-term on-the-job training Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles 49-2096 66 68 2 2% 0 2 2 $13.75 $28,597 Postsecondary non-degree award Electronic Home Entertainment Equipment Installers and Repairers 49-2097 205 221 17 8% 3 5 8 $14.05 $29,215 Postsecondary non-degree award Electronics Engineers, Except Computer 17-2072 1274 1362 88 7% 18 31 48 $46.84 $97,436 Bachelor's degree Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education 25-2021 9998 10720 722 7% 144 220 364 $31.96 $66,480 Bachelor's degree Elevator Installers and Repairers 47-4021 65 83 18 28% 4 2 6 $52.15 $108,469 Long-term on-the-job training Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs 43-4061 2509 2549 41 2% 8 67 75 $19.72 $41,024 Moderate-term on-the-job training Embalmers 39-4011 26 29 3 12% 1 1 2 $25.14 $52,299 Postsecondary non-degree award Emergency Management Directors 11-9161 98 103 5 5% 1 2 3 $32.52 $67,650 Bachelor's degree Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics 29-2041 1007 1310 304 30% 61 20 81 $19.58 $40,720 Postsecondary non-degree award Engine and Other Machine Assemblers 51-2031 30 36 6 24% 1 1 2 $17.16 $35,691 Short-term on-the-job training Engineering Technicians, Except Drafters, All Other 17-3029 388 419 32 8% 6 7 14 $28.67 $59,627 Associate's degree Engineers, All Other 17-2199 1636 1715 79 5% 16 36 52 $46.01 $95,697 Bachelor's degree Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers, All Other 27-2099 699 745 46 7% 9 19 28 $13.91 $28,924 Long-term on-the-job training Entertainment Attendants and Related Workers, All Other 39-3099 124 142 18 15% 4 7 11 $16.15 $33,591 Short-term on-the-job training Environmental Engineering Technicians 17-3025 375 404 28 7% 6 7 13 $45.88 $95,426 Associate's degree Environmental Engineers 17-2081 523 573 50 10% 10 11 22 $39.88 $82,952 Bachelor's degree Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health 19-4091 339 372 33 10% 7 14 21 $25.31 $52,651 Associate's degree Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health 19-2041 2048 2150 102 5% 20 60 81 $36.42 $75,749 Bachelor's degree Epidemiologists 19-1041 130 141 10 8% 2 1 3 $44.53 $92,630 Master's degree Etchers and Engravers 51-9194 52 54 2 6% 0 0 1 $19.72 $41,017 Moderate-term on-the-job training Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators 53-7032 210 223 13 6% 3 6 9 $21.64 $45,011 Moderate-term on-the-job training Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants 43-6011 9171 9618 447 5% 89 123 212 $23.05 $47,946 Work experience in a related occupation Explosives Workers, Ordnance Handling Experts, and Blasters 47-5031 9 9 0 0% 0 0 0 $30.56 $63,562 Moderate-term on-the-job training Extraction Workers, All Other 47-5099 22 30 8 36% 2 0 2 $19.75 $41,083 Moderate-term on-the-job training Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4021 68 66 -1 -1% 0 1 1 $13.09 $27,223 Moderate-term on-the-job training Extruding and Forming Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Synthetic and Glass Fibers 51-6091 26 26 0 0% 0 0 0 $11.59 $24,116 Moderate-term on-the-job training Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9041 124 120 -5 -4% -1 3 2 $14.89 $30,969 Moderate-term on-the-job training Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers 51-6092 9 9 0 0% 0 0 0 $25.95 $53,978 Moderate-term on-the-job training Fabric Menders, Except Garment 49-9093 3 2 0 0% 0 0 0 $8.57 $17,819 Long-term on-the-job training Fallers 45-4021 24 18 -6 -25% -1 1 -1 $15.99 $33,266 Moderate-term on-the-job training Family and General Practitioners 29-1062 1598 1711 114 7% 23 32 54 $76.76 $159,657 First professional degree Farm and Home Management Advisors 25-9021 61 67 6 12% 1 1 3 $21.79 $45,333 Master's degree Farm Equipment Mechanics and Service Technicians 49-3041 215 222 7 4% 1 6 7 $19.22 $39,985 Long-term on-the-job training Farm Labor Contractors 13-1074 33 34 0 0% 0 1 1 $18.80 $39,103 Short-term on-the-job training Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers 11-9013 6400 6321 -79 -1% -16 125 109 $12.58 $26,175 Work experience in a related occupation Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse 45-2092 7607 7573 -35 0% -7 232 225 $8.96 $18,628 Short-term on-the-job training Farmworkers, Farm, Ranch, and Aquacultural Animals 45-2093 601 569 -32 -5% -6 18 12 $10.71 $22,286 Short-term on-the-job training Fashion Designers 27-1022 99 102 3 4% 1 3 4 $26.20 $54,498 Associate's degree Fence Erectors 47-4031 204 208 4 2% 1 6 6 $13.27 $27,612 Moderate-term on-the-job training Fiberglass Laminators and Fabricators 51-2091 35 33 -3 -9% -1 1 0 $13.81 $28,727 Moderate-term on-the-job training File Clerks 43-4071 1476 1437 -39 -3% -8 39 31 $15.65 $32,542 Short-term on-the-job training Film and Video Editors 27-4032 122 143 21 17% 4 2 6 $25.91 $53,898 Bachelor's degree Financial Analysts 13-2051 2989 3281 292 10% 58 63 122 $29.34 $61,035 Bachelor's degree Financial Examiners 13-2061 249 270 22 9% 4 5 10 $34.04 $70,812 Bachelor's degree Financial Managers 11-3031 5727 6233 507 9% 101 105 206 $38.86 $80,820 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Financial Specialists, All Other 13-2099 2772 2899 127 5% 25 59 84 $30.27 $62,971 Bachelor's degree Fine Artists, Including Painters, Sculptors, and Illustrators 27-1013 575 634 59 10% 12 14 26 $9.07 $18,860 Long-term on-the-job training Fire Inspectors and Investigators 33-2021 124 128 4 4% 1 3 4 $23.01 $47,855 Work experience in a related occupation Firefighters 33-2011 2167 2290 122 6% 25 60 84 $27.96 $58,160 Postsecondary non-degree award First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers 47-1011 5092 5107 15 0% 3 117 120 $28.38 $59,031 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Correctional Officers 33-1011 311 312 2 1% 0 11 11 $45.23 $94,086 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers 45-1011 513 507 -6 -1% -1 15 14 $25.63 $53,313 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Fire Fighting and Prevention Workers 33-1021 128 137 10 8% 2 6 8 $48.34 $100,546 Postsecondary non-degree award First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers 35-1012 6360 7035 675 11% 135 135 270 $13.01 $27,056 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand 53-1021 1063 1206 143 13% 29 22 50 $21.59 $44,900 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers 37-1011 2326 2414 88 4% 18 32 50 $15.63 $32,509 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers 37-1012 1270 1376 106 8% 21 18 40 $18.92 $39,357 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers 49-1011 2370 2547 177 7% 35 62 98 $31.17 $64,833 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers 41-1012 5917 6344 427 7% 85 149 234 $17.03 $35,414 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers 43-1011 15723 16431 708 5% 142 421 562 $28.83 $59,956 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers 39-1021 1896 2046 149 8% 30 46 76 $14.02 $29,154 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives 33-1012 327 335 8 2% 2 11 13 $49.10 $102,129 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers 51-1011 2051 2114 63 3% 13 27 39 $25.65 $53,357 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Protective Service Workers, All Other 33-1099 374 387 13 3% 3 13 15 $20.61 $42,867 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers 41-1011 15163 15729 567 4% 113 354 467 $15.34 $31,900 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators 53-1031 1260 1336 76 6% 15 26 41 $26.48 $55,081 Work experience in a related occupation Fish and Game Wardens 33-3031 15 14 -1 -7% 0 0 0 $35.04 $72,890 Associate's degree Fishers and Related Fishing Workers 45-3011 245 227 -18 -7% -4 7 3 $11.84 $24,636 Moderate-term on-the-job training Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors 39-9031 2586 2909 323 12% 65 41 106 $17.89 $37,206 Postsecondary non-degree award Flight Attendants 53-2031 17 20 3 19% 1 0 1 $20.19 $42,001 Moderate-term on-the-job training Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles 47-2042 242 229 -13 -5% -3 5 3 $18.59 $38,667 Moderate-term on-the-job training Floor Sanders and Finishers 47-2043 108 105 -4 -4% -1 2 2 $13.25 $27,564 Moderate-term on-the-job training Floral Designers 27-1023 505 544 39 8% 8 16 23 $9.83 $20,440 Short-term on-the-job training Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders 51-3091 141 133 -7 -5% -2 4 3 $12.57 $26,139 Moderate-term on-the-job training Food Batchmakers 51-3092 580 540 -39 -7% -8 16 8 $12.11 $25,185 Short-term on-the-job training Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders 51-3093 102 108 7 7% 1 3 4 $13.74 $28,575 Short-term on-the-job training Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other 35-9099 250 252 2 1% 0 12 13 $9.64 $20,043 Short-term on-the-job training Food Preparation Workers 35-2021 6315 6951 636 10% 127 227 354 $9.52 $19,806 Short-term on-the-job training Food Scientists and Technologists 19-1012 164 172 8 5% 2 7 8 $31.68 $65,889 Bachelor's degree Food Servers, Nonrestaurant 35-3041 1176 1374 197 17% 39 33 73 $11.02 $22,919 Short-term on-the-job training Food Service Managers 11-9051 3658 3595 -63 -2% -13 67 55 $14.79 $30,756 Work experience in a related occupation Forensic Science Technicians 19-4092 362 387 26 7% 5 15 20 $31.86 $66,261 Bachelor's degree Forest and Conservation Technicians 19-4093 354 359 5 1% 1 15 16 $18.13 $37,701 Associate's degree Forest and Conservation Workers 45-4011 433 445 12 3% 2 11 13 $10.25 $21,319 Moderate-term on-the-job training Forest Fire Inspectors and Prevention Specialists 33-2022 49 48 -1 0% 0 1 1 $17.97 $37,382 Work experience in a related occupation Foresters 19-1032 181 187 6 3% 1 2 3 $26.83 $55,806 Bachelor's degree Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4022 19 21 3 17% 1 0 1 $14.68 $30,525 Moderate-term on-the-job training Foundry Mold and Coremakers 51-4071 1 1 0 0% 0 0 0 $13.61 $28,304 Moderate-term on-the-job training Funeral Attendants 39-4021 111 121 10 10% 2 5 7 $12.81 $26,649 Short-term on-the-job training Funeral Service Managers, Directors, Morticians, and Undertakers 39-4831 278 309 31 11% 6 5 11 $26.00 $54,083 Associate's degree Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders 51-9051 26 25 -1 -4% 0 1 0 $20.28 $42,189 Moderate-term on-the-job training Furniture Finishers 51-7021 194 140 -54 -28% -11 5 -6 $12.82 $26,675 Short-term on-the-job training Gaming and Sports Book Writers and Runners 39-3012 72 85 13 18% 3 3 6 $16.39 $34,102 Short-term on-the-job training Gaming Cage Workers 43-3041 161 154 -7 -4% -1 3 2 $12.30 $25,587 Short-term on-the-job training Gaming Change Persons and Booth Cashiers 41-2012 144 143 -2 -1% 0 7 6 $10.60 $22,052 Short-term on-the-job training Gaming Dealers 39-3011 1176 1322 147 13% 29 50 80 $9.39 $19,537 Moderate-term on-the-job training Gaming Managers 11-9071 43 46 4 10% 1 1 2 $32.46 $67,512 Work experience in a related occupation Gaming Service Workers, All Other 39-3019 132 147 15 11% 3 6 9 $10.28 $21,391 Moderate-term on-the-job training Gaming Supervisors 39-1011 165 184 19 12% 4 3 7 $15.84 $32,957 Work experience in a related occupation Gaming Surveillance Officers and Gaming Investigators 33-9031 55 59 4 9% 1 1 2 $16.19 $33,676 Short-term on-the-job training Gas Compressor and Gas Pumping Station Operators 53-7071 69 60 -8 -12% -2 2 0 $28.81 $59,932 Moderate-term on-the-job training Gas Plant Operators 51-8092 39 35 -5 -13% -1 1 0 $27.31 $56,797 Long-term on-the-job training General and Operations Managers 11-1021 13141 13357 217 2% 43 244 288 $47.67 $99,159 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Geographers 19-3092 2 2 0 -50% 0 0 0 $28.60 $59,495 Master's degree Geological and Petroleum Technicians 19-4041 63 65 2 3% 0 2 3 $33.46 $69,593 Associate's degree Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers 19-2042 989 1022 33 3% 7 29 36 $40.19 $83,588 Bachelor's degree Glaziers 47-2121 381 356 -25 -7% -5 14 9 $26.37 $54,848 Long-term on-the-job training Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products 45-2041 394 403 9 2% 2 9 11 $9.00 $18,729 Short-term on-the-job training Graphic Designers 27-1024 2394 2532 138 6% 28 74 102 $18.45 $38,380 Bachelor's degree Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand 51-9022 120 115 -5 -4% -1 4 3 $12.30 $25,592 Moderate-term on-the-job training Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4033 122 129 7 6% 1 2 3 $13.47 $28,010 Moderate-term on-the-job training Grounds Maintenance Workers, All Other 37-3019 89 97 7 8% 1 2 3 $16.03 $33,337 Short-term on-the-job training Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists 39-5012 6450 7643 1192 18% 238 123 361 $10.50 $21,848 Postsecondary non-degree award Hazardous Materials Removal Workers 47-4041 217 235 18 8% 4 6 9 $17.27 $35,922 Moderate-term on-the-job training Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors 17-2111 267 282 15 5% 3 6 9 $48.77 $101,451 Bachelor's degree Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners, All Other 29-1199 530 579 50 9% 10 10 20 $27.85 $57,918 Master's degree Health Educators 21-1091 728 834 106 15% 21 16 37 $33.36 $69,388 Bachelor's degree Health Technologists and Technicians, All Other 29-2799 1102 1341 239 22% 48 22 70 $22.60 $47,014 Postsecondary non-degree award Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Workers, All Other 29-9799 888 949 61 7% 12 31 43 $32.06 $66,685 Bachelor's degree Healthcare Social Workers 21-1022 1031 1180 149 14% 30 24 54 $27.28 $56,749 Master's degree Healthcare Support Workers, All Other 31-9799 1448 1564 115 8% 23 22 45 $17.28 $35,953 Short-term on-the-job training Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4191 4 6 2 50% 0 0 1 $14.86 $30,908 Moderate-term on-the-job training Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers 49-9021 2081 2105 24 1% 5 37 42 $19.71 $40,989 Postsecondary non-degree award Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers 53-3032 14944 16939 1994 13% 399 297 696 $18.04 $37,518 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other 47-3019 144 145 0 0% 0 4 4 $11.85 $24,653 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters 47-3011 191 172 -18 -9% -4 5 1 $17.20 $35,768 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Carpenters 47-3012 301 324 23 7% 5 8 13 $13.74 $28,582 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Electricians 47-3013 217 215 -1 0% 0 6 6 $15.39 $32,006 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Extraction Workers 47-5081 102 165 62 61% 12 2 15 $24.86 $51,700 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers 49-9098 565 594 29 5% 6 26 32 $11.86 $24,669 Moderate-term on-the-job training Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons 47-3014 91 94 2 2% 0 2 3 $13.14 $27,324 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 47-3015 209 221 13 6% 3 6 8 $19.36 $40,272 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Production Workers 51-9198 1382 1425 43 3% 9 23 31 $10.80 $22,468 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Roofers 47-3016 112 112 0 0% 0 3 3 $17.10 $35,576 Short-term on-the-job training Highway Maintenance Workers 47-4051 468 491 22 5% 4 12 17 $22.67 $47,147 Moderate-term on-the-job training Historians 19-3093 86 86 1 1% 0 4 4 $29.57 $61,497 Master's degree Hoist and Winch Operators 53-7041 3 3 0 0% 0 0 0 $19.11 $39,746 Moderate-term on-the-job training Home Appliance Repairers 49-9031 489 442 -47 -10% -9 9 0 $16.69 $34,710 Moderate-term on-the-job training Home Health Aides 31-1011 4298 5581 1283 30% 257 55 312 $10.69 $22,234 Short-term on-the-job training Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop 35-9031 2132 2352 220 10% 44 150 194 $9.15 $19,030 Short-term on-the-job training Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks 43-4081 1188 1356 167 14% 33 47 81 $10.40 $21,625 Short-term on-the-job training Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping 43-4161 1757 1846 88 5% 18 49 67 $21.56 $44,848 Short-term on-the-job training Human Resources Managers 11-3121 652 703 51 8% 10 16 26 $42.08 $87,529 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists, All Other 13-1078 3306 3567 261 8% 52 56 108 $29.00 $60,330 Bachelor's degree Hunters and Trappers 45-3021 17 15 -2 -13% 0 0 0 $16.27 $33,839 Short-term on-the-job training Hydrologists 19-2043 184 198 14 8% 3 6 8 $45.74 $95,132 Master's degree Industrial Engineering Technicians 17-3026 195 214 19 10% 4 4 8 $24.30 $50,543 Associate's degree Industrial Engineers 17-2112 471 554 83 18% 17 10 27 $43.30 $90,073 Bachelor's degree Industrial Machinery Mechanics 49-9041 1136 1257 121 11% 24 22 46 $24.30 $50,539 Long-term on-the-job training Industrial Production Managers 11-3051 577 626 49 8% 10 14 23 $41.09 $85,465 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators 53-7051 3298 3402 104 3% 21 93 114 $16.93 $35,207 Short-term on-the-job training Industrial-Organizational Psychologists 19-3032 51 57 6 12% 1 2 3 $53.62 $111,521 Master's degree Information and Record Clerks, All Other 43-4199 1788 1843 55 3% 11 50 61 $19.15 $39,831 Short-term on-the-job training Information Security Analysts, Web Developers, and Computer Network Architects 15-1179 2481 2718 237 10% 47 37 84 $33.09 $68,837 Bachelor's degree Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers 51-9061 1660 1854 195 12% 39 36 75 $16.75 $34,848 Moderate-term on-the-job training Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other 49-9799 1922 2028 106 6% 21 35 56 $15.91 $33,101 Moderate-term on-the-job training Instructional Coordinators 25-9031 1679 1840 161 10% 32 37 69 $37.05 $77,060 Master's degree Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall 47-2131 111 100 -11 -10% -2 4 2 $17.40 $36,184 Short-term on-the-job training Insulation Workers, Mechanical 47-2132 107 117 10 10% 2 4 6 $16.65 $34,642 Moderate-term on-the-job training Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage 13-1032 63 60 -3 -5% -1 2 1 $30.40 $63,241 Postsecondary non-degree award Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks 43-9041 2528 2559 30 1% 6 76 82 $17.86 $37,158 Moderate-term on-the-job training Insurance Sales Agents 41-3021 7411 8444 1033 14% 207 170 377 $23.06 $47,973 Moderate-term on-the-job training Insurance Underwriters 13-2053 1064 1044 -21 -2% -4 35 30 $30.30 $63,025 Bachelor's degree Interior Designers 27-1025 890 901 11 1% 2 28 30 $17.88 $37,198 Bachelor's degree Internists, General 29-1063 441 476 34 8% 7 9 16 $98.08 $204,005 First professional degree Interpreters and Translators 27-3091 2514 2721 207 8% 41 67 109 $18.91 $39,329 Bachelor's degree Interviewers, Except Eligibility and Loan 43-4111 2420 2613 193 8% 39 48 87 $18.86 $39,236 Short-term on-the-job training Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners 37-2011 18731 20504 1773 9% 355 353 708 $12.28 $25,543 Short-term on-the-job training Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers 51-9071 463 472 9 2% 2 11 13 $14.50 $30,150 Postsecondary non-degree award Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates 23-1023 159 161 2 1% 0 3 3 $81.83 $170,197 First professional degree Judicial Law Clerks 23-1012 161 161 0 -1% 0 2 2 $28.54 $59,371 First professional degree Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education 25-2012 1498 1595 97 6% 19 39 58 $27.29 $56,771 Bachelor's degree Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand 53-7062 12923 13895 972 8% 194 413 608 $13.12 $27,289 Short-term on-the-job training Landscape Architects 17-1012 298 301 2 1% 0 6 7 $32.10 $66,769 Bachelor's degree Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers 37-3011 9439 10274 835 9% 167 167 334 $11.58 $24,081 Short-term on-the-job training Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4034 116 122 6 6% 1 4 5 $16.28 $33,866 Moderate-term on-the-job training Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers 51-6011 1469 1604 135 9% 27 28 55 $11.21 $23,327 Short-term on-the-job training Lawyers 23-1011 8395 8815 420 5% 84 160 244 $48.27 $100,404 First professional degree Layout Workers, Metal and Plastic 51-4192 2 2 -1 -50% 0 0 0 $24.24 $50,418 Moderate-term on-the-job training Legal Secretaries 43-6012 1945 1962 18 1% 4 26 30 $20.42 $42,481 Postsecondary non-degree award Legal Support Workers, All Other 23-2099 694 719 26 4% 5 10 16 $31.80 $66,147 Short-term on-the-job training Legislators 11-1031 269 271 2 1% 0 6 7 $28.46 $59,197 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Librarians 25-4021 777 804 28 4% 6 20 26 $34.24 $71,218 Master's degree Library Assistants, Clerical 43-4121 886 937 51 6% 10 40 50 $14.58 $30,336 Short-term on-the-job training Library Technicians 25-4031 724 756 32 4% 6 31 37 $18.20 $37,853 Postsecondary non-degree award Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses 29-2061 4163 4715 552 13% 110 111 221 $26.06 $54,215 Postsecondary non-degree award Life Scientists, All Other 19-1099 83 90 6 7% 1 0 2 $42.09 $87,545 Bachelor's degree Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians, All Other 19-4099 568 634 66 12% 13 24 37 $21.41 $44,529 Associate's degree Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers 33-9092 579 615 36 6% 7 37 44 $11.18 $23,252 Short-term on-the-job training Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers 53-3033 6110 6374 264 4% 53 122 174 $14.98 $31,165 Short-term on-the-job training Loading Machine Operators, Underground Mining 53-7033 3 3 0 0% 0 0 0 $21.14 $43,973 Short-term on-the-job training Loan Interviewers and Clerks 43-4131 1402 1415 14 1% 3 26 29 $18.48 $38,431 Short-term on-the-job training Loan Officers 13-2072 2654 2821 167 6% 33 68 101 $30.33 $63,092 Moderate-term on-the-job training Locker Room, Coatroom, and Dressing Room Attendants 39-3093 134 148 14 11% 3 8 10 $10.08 $20,969 Short-term on-the-job training Locksmiths and Safe Repairers 49-9094 272 289 17 6% 3 5 8 $19.65 $40,877 Long-term on-the-job training Locomotive Engineers 53-4011 276 298 22 8% 4 10 14 $22.41 $46,614 Moderate-term on-the-job training Locomotive Firers 53-4012 12 12 0 9% 0 0 0 $22.71 $47,233 Short-term on-the-job training Lodging Managers 11-9081 734 687 -47 -6% -9 20 11 $15.13 $31,475 Work experience in a related occupation Log Graders and Scalers 45-4023 10 12 1 10% 0 0 0 $16.74 $34,816 Moderate-term on-the-job training Logging Equipment Operators 45-4022 160 126 -35 -22% -7 4 -3 $13.54 $28,155 Moderate-term on-the-job training Logging Workers, All Other 45-4029 17 12 -5 -31% -1 0 -1 $12.58 $26,157 Moderate-term on-the-job training Logisticians 13-1081 514 621 107 21% 21 10 31 $36.29 $75,490 Bachelor's degree Machine Feeders and Offbearers 53-7063 137 142 5 4% 1 2 3 $10.23 $21,277 Short-term on-the-job training Machinists 51-4041 915 1014 99 11% 20 17 37 $20.34 $42,311 Long-term on-the-job training Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners 37-2012 19044 21917 2873 15% 575 321 895 $10.47 $21,777 Short-term on-the-job training Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service 43-9051 803 819 16 2% 3 16 19 $15.18 $31,565 Short-term on-the-job training Maintenance and Repair Workers, General 49-9071 7361 7838 477 6% 95 135 231 $19.46 $40,476 Moderate-term on-the-job training Maintenance Workers, Machinery 49-9043 249 267 18 7% 4 5 8 $22.06 $45,893 Moderate-term on-the-job training Makeup Artists, Theatrical and Performance 39-5091 139 150 11 8% 2 2 5 $21.92 $45,591 Postsecondary non-degree award Management Analysts 13-1111 10090 11305 1214 12% 243 164 407 $29.92 $62,233 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Managers, All Other 11-9199 11138 12159 1021 9% 204 247 452 $26.12 $54,334 Work experience in a related occupation Manicurists and Pedicurists 39-5092 1593 1834 241 15% 48 29 77 $8.49 $17,651 Postsecondary non-degree award Manufactured Building and Mobile Home Installers 49-9095 5 7 1 20% 0 0 0 $17.30 $35,983 Moderate-term on-the-job training Marine Engineers and Naval Architects 17-2121 30 33 3 14% 1 1 1 $41.05 $85,385 Bachelor's degree Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists 13-1161 3072 3697 624 20% 125 82 207 $29.59 $61,555 Bachelor's degree Marketing Managers 11-2021 1402 1593 191 14% 38 41 79 $40.56 $84,357 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Marriage and Family Therapists 21-1013 557 649 92 17% 18 12 30 $15.97 $33,211 Master's degree Massage Therapists 31-9011 1918 2177 259 14% 52 31 83 $12.67 $26,357 Postsecondary non-degree award Material Moving Workers, All Other 53-7199 189 196 6 3% 1 2 3 $21.86 $45,469 Short-term on-the-job training Materials Engineers 17-2131 117 134 17 15% 3 3 7 $48.02 $99,879 Bachelor's degree Materials Scientists 19-2032 55 70 15 28% 3 2 5 $38.36 $79,798 Bachelor's degree Mathematical Science Occupations, All Other 15-2099 8 7 -1 -14% 0 0 0 $26.11 $54,307 Bachelor's degree Mathematical Technicians 15-2091 16 16 0 7% 0 1 1 $24.15 $50,228 Bachelor's degree Mathematicians 15-2021 68 80 12 18% 2 4 7 $61.62 $128,179 Doctoral degree Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers 51-3022 205 230 25 12% 5 6 11 $11.54 $24,009 Short-term on-the-job training Mechanical Door Repairers 49-9011 73 80 7 10% 1 1 3 $18.78 $39,072 Moderate-term on-the-job training Mechanical Drafters 17-3013 247 270 23 10% 5 5 9 $24.43 $50,811 Associate's degree Mechanical Engineering Technicians 17-3027 277 306 29 11% 6 5 11 $32.29 $67,171 Associate's degree Mechanical Engineers 17-2141 923 1070 147 16% 29 30 59 $40.46 $84,162 Bachelor's degree Media and Communication Equipment Workers, All Other 27-4099 81 86 5 6% 1 1 2 $32.25 $67,086 Moderate-term on-the-job training Media and Communication Workers, All Other 27-3099 342 361 19 6% 4 9 13 $19.77 $41,112 Short-term on-the-job training Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians 29-2012 1070 1203 134 13% 27 21 48 $22.53 $46,865 Associate's degree Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists 29-2011 791 871 80 10% 16 15 31 $39.49 $82,135 Bachelor's degree Medical and Health Services Managers 11-9111 2287 2541 255 11% 51 56 107 $50.95 $105,975 Bachelor's degree Medical Appliance Technicians 51-9082 61 67 6 10% 1 2 3 $19.21 $39,948 Long-term on-the-job training Medical Assistants 31-9092 4832 5366 534 11% 107 74 181 $14.78 $30,739 Moderate-term on-the-job training Medical Equipment Preparers 31-9093 403 444 41 10% 8 6 14 $19.93 $41,450 Moderate-term on-the-job training Medical Equipment Repairers 49-9062 353 399 46 13% 9 10 19 $25.14 $52,293 Associate's degree Medical Records and Health Information Technicians 29-2071 847 966 119 14% 24 17 41 $19.80 $41,177 Postsecondary non-degree award Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists 19-1042 1406 1754 348 25% 70 9 78 $42.82 $89,073 Doctoral degree Medical Secretaries 43-6013 5812 6605 793 14% 159 78 237 $18.23 $37,918 Moderate-term on-the-job training Medical Transcriptionists 31-9094 769 824 55 7% 11 12 23 $16.34 $33,979 Postsecondary non-degree award Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners 13-1121 895 1054 159 18% 32 17 49 $25.21 $52,434 Bachelor's degree Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers 21-1023 848 942 94 11% 19 20 39 $19.11 $39,748 Master's degree Mental Health Counselors 21-1014 937 1056 119 13% 24 20 44 $22.95 $47,740 Master's degree Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers 27-1026 465 500 35 8% 7 14 21 $13.88 $28,860 Moderate-term on-the-job training Metal Workers and Plastic Workers, All Other 51-4199 41 41 0 0% 0 0 0 $15.37 $31,972 Moderate-term on-the-job training Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders 51-4051 9 10 1 13% 0 0 0 $15.03 $31,253 Moderate-term on-the-job training Meter Readers, Utilities 43-5041 338 368 30 9% 6 10 16 $22.09 $45,953 Short-term on-the-job training Microbiologists 19-1022 237 268 31 13% 6 5 12 $35.59 $74,035 Bachelor's degree Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education 25-2022 3985 4282 297 7% 59 88 147 $30.22 $62,850 Bachelor's degree Military occupations 55-9999 7610 7103 -507 -7% -101 0 -101 $16.37 $34,054 N/A Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4035 155 154 -2 -1% 0 3 3 $17.78 $36,974 Moderate-term on-the-job training Millwrights 49-9044 44 52 8 18% 2 1 3 $26.23 $54,567 Long-term on-the-job training Mine Cutting and Channeling Machine Operators 47-5042 3 1 -1 -50% 0 0 0 $23.43 $48,737 Moderate-term on-the-job training Mining and Geological Engineers, Including Mining Safety Engineers 17-2151 195 198 3 2% 1 4 5 $57.57 $119,743 Bachelor's degree Mining Machine Operators, All Other 47-5049 2 1 -1 -100% 0 0 0 $24.32 $50,576 Moderate-term on-the-job training Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9023 414 427 13 3% 3 12 15 $14.53 $30,215 Moderate-term on-the-job training Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines 49-3042 915 1000 85 9% 17 24 41 $24.52 $51,008 Long-term on-the-job training Model Makers, Metal and Plastic 51-4061 7 7 0 17% 0 0 0 $22.61 $47,027 Long-term on-the-job training Model Makers, Wood 51-7031 12 8 -3 -27% -1 0 0 $16.07 $33,428 Moderate-term on-the-job training Models 41-9012 91 104 13 14% 3 3 5 $13.05 $27,140 Short-term on-the-job training Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic 51-9195 243 268 25 10% 5 9 14 $14.97 $31,132 Long-term on-the-job training Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4072 114 122 8 7% 2 2 4 $13.48 $28,030 Moderate-term on-the-job training Motion Picture Projectionists 39-3021 46 46 0 0% 0 2 2 $11.70 $24,340 Short-term on-the-job training Motor Vehicle Operators, All Other 53-3099 335 360 25 7% 5 6 11 $19.95 $41,488 Short-term on-the-job training Motorboat Mechanics and Service Technicians 49-3051 222 204 -19 -9% -4 6 2 $14.46 $30,082 Long-term on-the-job training Motorboat Operators 53-5022 71 71 1 1% 0 3 3 $23.82 $49,545 Short-term on-the-job training Motorcycle Mechanics 49-3052 114 108 -6 -5% -1 3 2 $15.10 $31,404 Long-term on-the-job training Multimedia Artists and Animators 27-1014 859 926 67 8% 13 21 34 $12.05 $25,060 Bachelor's degree Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4081 183 195 12 6% 2 4 6 $21.20 $44,098 Moderate-term on-the-job training Museum Technicians and Conservators 25-4013 43 45 3 7% 1 1 2 $19.83 $41,245 Bachelor's degree Music Directors and Composers 27-2041 448 488 40 9% 8 11 19 $17.68 $36,765 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners 49-9063 194 161 -32 -17% -6 5 -1 $11.90 $24,745 Postsecondary non-degree award Musicians and Singers 27-2042 2932 3277 345 12% 69 71 140 $14.05 $29,228 Long-term on-the-job training Natural Sciences Managers 11-9121 493 551 58 12% 12 30 41 $52.17 $108,510 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Network and Computer Systems Administrators 15-1142 2051 2293 242 12% 48 35 83 $36.89 $76,738 Bachelor's degree New Accounts Clerks 43-4141 267 270 4 2% 1 7 8 $19.54 $40,635 Short-term on-the-job training Nonfarm Animal Caretakers 39-2021 4910 5178 268 5% 54 109 162 $11.77 $24,476 Short-term on-the-job training Nuclear Engineers 17-2161 163 185 22 14% 4 4 8 $48.71 $101,310 Bachelor's degree Nuclear Medicine Technologists 29-2033 102 111 9 9% 2 2 3 $51.52 $107,153 Associate's degree Nuclear Power Reactor Operators 51-8011 22 27 5 29% 1 1 2 $52.77 $109,762 Long-term on-the-job training Nuclear Technicians 19-4051 35 43 8 20% 2 1 3 $47.48 $98,757 Associate's degree Nursing Aides, Orderlies, and Attendants 31-1012 7871 9166 1296 16% 259 102 361 $14.91 $31,020 Postsecondary non-degree award Obstetricians and Gynecologists 29-1064 208 223 15 8% 3 4 7 $94.98 $197,560 First professional degree Occupational Health and Safety Specialists 29-9011 932 970 38 4% 8 33 40 $41.24 $85,779 Bachelor's degree Occupational Health and Safety Technicians 29-9012 34 37 3 9% 1 1 2 $26.98 $56,112 Moderate-term on-the-job training Occupational Therapists 29-1122 624 695 71 11% 14 12 26 $38.93 $80,969 Master's degree Occupational Therapy Aides 31-2012 10 14 3 30% 1 0 1 $14.23 $29,596 Short-term on-the-job training Occupational Therapy Assistants 31-2011 83 102 19 23% 4 1 5 $25.93 $53,939 Associate's degree Office and Administrative Support Workers, All Other 43-9799 5257 5493 237 5% 47 111 158 $11.87 $24,690 Short-term on-the-job training Office Clerks, General 43-9061 31402 33083 1681 5% 336 556 892 $16.22 $33,745 Short-term on-the-job training Office Machine Operators, Except Computer 43-9071 518 473 -45 -9% -9 15 6 $16.15 $33,594 Short-term on-the-job training Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators 47-2073 2173 2265 92 4% 18 50 69 $29.62 $61,608 Moderate-term on-the-job training Operations Research Analysts 15-2031 1425 1486 61 4% 12 45 58 $34.05 $70,833 Bachelor's degree Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians 51-9083 118 132 14 12% 3 4 6 $16.06 $33,402 Moderate-term on-the-job training Opticians, Dispensing 29-2081 524 575 51 10% 10 10 21 $17.26 $35,906 Long-term on-the-job training Optometrists 29-1041 491 516 25 5% 5 17 22 $41.32 $85,949 First professional degree Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons 29-1022 76 75 -1 -1% 0 2 2 $123.19 $256,227 First professional degree Order Clerks 43-4151 1438 1488 50 3% 10 40 50 $15.84 $32,940 Short-term on-the-job training Orthodontists 29-1023 93 91 -2 -1% 0 3 2 $121.29 $252,277 First professional degree Orthotists and Prosthetists 29-2091 71 75 4 4% 1 1 2 $30.65 $63,744 Master's degree Outdoor Power Equipment and Other Small Engine Mechanics 49-3053 160 153 -7 -4% -1 4 3 $14.83 $30,855 Moderate-term on-the-job training Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders 51-9111 1357 1416 59 4% 12 22 34 $11.23 $23,357 Moderate-term on-the-job training Packers and Packagers, Hand 53-7064 4756 4974 218 5% 44 136 180 $10.49 $21,826 Short-term on-the-job training Painters, Construction and Maintenance 47-2141 3767 3911 144 4% 29 82 111 $15.10 $31,403 Moderate-term on-the-job training Painters, Transportation Equipment 51-9122 314 318 4 1% 1 7 8 $23.22 $48,299 Moderate-term on-the-job training Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers 51-9123 89 98 9 10% 2 2 4 $13.04 $27,119 Moderate-term on-the-job training Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9196 144 172 28 19% 5 1 7 $14.77 $30,719 Moderate-term on-the-job training Paperhangers 47-2142 78 71 -6 -8% -1 1 -1 $21.56 $44,841 Moderate-term on-the-job training Paralegals and Legal Assistants 23-2011 2013 2179 166 8% 33 29 62 $26.06 $54,203 Associate's degree Parking Enforcement Workers 33-3041 87 92 5 6% 1 2 3 $20.98 $43,647 Short-term on-the-job training Parking Lot Attendants 53-6021 953 958 5 0% 1 28 29 $9.52 $19,806 Short-term on-the-job training Parts Salespersons 41-2022 1312 1383 71 5% 14 48 62 $16.37 $34,048 Moderate-term on-the-job training Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic 51-4062 2 2 0 0% 0 0 0 $15.08 $31,373 Long-term on-the-job training Patternmakers, Wood 51-7032 7 4 -2 -33% 0 0 0 $18.72 $38,935 Moderate-term on-the-job training Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators 47-2071 293 300 7 2% 1 6 7 $27.66 $57,534 Moderate-term on-the-job training Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks 43-3051 2044 2139 95 5% 19 42 61 $20.88 $43,432 Moderate-term on-the-job training Pediatricians, General 29-1065 334 361 27 8% 5 7 12 $76.62 $159,365 First professional degree Personal Care Aides 39-9021 9402 12136 2735 29% 547 74 621 $10.60 $22,052 Short-term on-the-job training Personal Care and Service Workers, All Other 39-9099 1634 1757 123 8% 25 35 60 $12.45 $25,906 Short-term on-the-job training Personal Financial Advisors 13-2052 11648 14794 3146 27% 629 134 763 $24.23 $50,408 Bachelor's degree Pest Control Workers 37-2021 842 953 110 13% 22 38 60 $16.62 $34,567 Moderate-term on-the-job training Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation 37-3012 368 388 20 5% 4 6 10 $14.39 $29,926 Moderate-term on-the-job training Petroleum Engineers 17-2171 78 87 9 12% 2 2 3 $51.67 $107,473 Bachelor's degree Petroleum Pump System Operators, Refinery Operators, and Gaugers 51-8093 133 119 -14 -11% -3 4 2 $28.79 $59,887 Long-term on-the-job training Pharmacists 29-1051 1704 1890 187 11% 37 43 81 $63.56 $132,204 First professional degree Pharmacy Aides 31-9095 436 469 34 8% 7 7 13 $11.50 $23,928 Short-term on-the-job training Pharmacy Technicians 29-2052 1919 2200 281 15% 56 33 90 $19.35 $40,256 Moderate-term on-the-job training Photographers 27-4021 6437 6684 246 4% 49 62 112 $12.92 $26,882 Long-term on-the-job training Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators 51-9151 245 233 -12 -5% -2 6 4 $12.25 $25,470 Short-term on-the-job training Physical Scientists, All Other 19-2099 256 283 27 11% 5 9 15 $46.90 $97,543 Bachelor's degree Physical Therapist Aides 31-2022 324 357 33 10% 7 5 12 $11.92 $24,785 Moderate-term on-the-job training Physical Therapist Assistants 31-2021 213 254 41 19% 8 3 11 $26.90 $55,953 Associate's degree Physical Therapists 29-1123 1162 1293 132 11% 26 14 40 $40.87 $85,013 First professional degree Physician Assistants 29-1071 520 600 80 16% 16 10 26 $46.50 $96,721 Master's degree Physicians and Surgeons, All Other 29-1069 2304 2471 167 7% 33 46 79 $79.11 $164,542 First professional degree Physicists 19-2012 222 258 37 17% 7 7 14 $47.02 $97,803 Doctoral degree Pile-Driver Operators 47-2072 71 75 4 6% 1 1 2 $28.72 $59,746 Moderate-term on-the-job training Pipelayers 47-2151 392 406 15 4% 3 11 14 $19.47 $40,507 Short-term on-the-job training Plant and System Operators, All Other 51-8099 124 129 5 3% 1 4 5 $29.72 $61,814 Long-term on-the-job training Plasterers and Stucco Masons 47-2161 426 290 -137 -32% -27 9 -19 $20.16 $41,943 Long-term on-the-job training Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4193 103 120 17 17% 3 2 6 $11.50 $23,916 Moderate-term on-the-job training Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 47-2152 2623 2616 -7 0% -1 76 74 $20.40 $42,424 Long-term on-the-job training Podiatrists 29-1081 167 169 2 1% 0 3 4 $48.15 $100,152 First professional degree Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers 33-3051 6985 7242 257 4% 51 205 256 $34.70 $72,175 Moderate-term on-the-job training Police, Fire, and Ambulance Dispatchers 43-5031 401 436 35 9% 7 8 15 $26.54 $55,211 Moderate-term on-the-job training Political Scientists 19-3094 40 47 6 15% 1 2 3 $39.32 $81,787 Master's degree Postal Service Clerks 43-5051 522 393 -130 -25% -26 12 -14 $25.65 $53,359 Short-term on-the-job training Postal Service Mail Carriers 43-5052 2137 2051 -86 -4% -17 70 53 $26.56 $55,240 Short-term on-the-job training Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators 43-5053 909 692 -217 -24% -43 5 -39 $25.53 $53,100 Short-term on-the-job training Postmasters and Mail Superintendents 11-9131 81 79 -2 -4% 0 2 1 $32.82 $68,258 Work experience in a related occupation Postsecondary Teachers 25-1099 7280 7939 659 9% 132 116 248 $35.84 $74,553 Doctoral degree Pourers and Casters, Metal 51-4052 3 3 0 0% 0 0 0 $13.37 $27,811 Moderate-term on-the-job training Power Distributors and Dispatchers 51-8012 89 94 5 6% 1 3 4 $41.32 $85,941 Long-term on-the-job training Power Plant Operators 51-8013 241 253 12 5% 2 9 11 $40.65 $84,553 Long-term on-the-job training Precision Instrument and Equipment Repairers, All Other 49-9069 58 60 2 4% 0 2 2 $23.34 $48,553 Long-term on-the-job training Prepress Technicians and Workers 51-5111 160 128 -32 -20% -6 4 -3 $22.35 $46,497 Postsecondary non-degree award Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education 25-2011 3980 3982 3 0% 1 104 104 $12.56 $26,114 Associate's degree Pressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials 51-6021 446 454 8 2% 2 3 5 $11.34 $23,590 Short-term on-the-job training Print Binding and Finishing Workers 51-5113 378 292 -86 -23% -17 13 -5 $14.46 $30,083 Short-term on-the-job training Printing Press Operators 51-5112 778 777 -1 0% 0 15 15 $19.16 $39,851 Moderate-term on-the-job training Private Detectives and Investigators 33-9021 379 425 46 12% 9 9 18 $21.56 $44,840 Work experience in a related occupation Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists 21-1092 2325 2490 166 7% 33 50 84 $37.59 $78,183 Bachelor's degree Procurement Clerks 43-3061 294 313 19 6% 4 12 16 $20.88 $43,426 Moderate-term on-the-job training Producers and Directors 27-2012 586 682 96 16% 19 17 37 $20.55 $42,740 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Production Workers, All Other 51-9399 759 829 70 9% 14 20 34 $15.36 $31,939 Moderate-term on-the-job training Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks 43-5061 1688 1788 100 6% 20 44 64 $23.30 $48,474 Moderate-term on-the-job training Proofreaders and Copy Markers 43-9081 146 159 13 9% 3 3 5 $17.82 $37,069 Moderate-term on-the-job training Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers 11-9141 10126 11204 1077 11% 215 213 429 $17.24 $35,854 Work experience in a related occupation Prosthodontists 29-1024 5 5 0 0% 0 0 0 $80.78 $168,016 First professional degree Protective Service Workers, All Other 33-9099 1026 1077 50 5% 10 66 76 $13.28 $27,621 Short-term on-the-job training Psychiatric Aides 31-1013 280 311 31 11% 6 4 10 $13.25 $27,560 Short-term on-the-job training Psychiatric Technicians 29-2053 279 301 22 8% 4 5 9 $27.90 $58,026 Postsecondary non-degree award Psychiatrists 29-1066 309 327 18 6% 4 6 10 $116.25 $241,796 First professional degree Psychologists, All Other 19-3039 355 382 27 7% 5 11 16 $36.89 $76,741 Master's degree Public Address System and Other Announcers 27-3012 315 365 50 16% 10 9 19 $13.43 $27,934 Short-term on-the-job training Public Relations and Fundraising Managers 11-2031 397 427 30 8% 6 11 17 $49.06 $102,046 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Public Relations Specialists 27-3031 1908 2100 193 10% 38 51 90 $31.46 $65,427 Bachelor's degree Pump Operators, Except Wellhead Pumpers 53-7072 55 57 2 4% 0 2 2 $24.43 $50,808 Moderate-term on-the-job training Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products 13-1023 1783 1917 134 8% 27 48 75 $28.79 $59,886 Long-term on-the-job training Purchasing Managers 11-3061 283 307 24 8% 5 9 13 $49.73 $103,431 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Radiation Therapists 29-1124 76 88 11 14% 2 1 4 $47.90 $99,625 Associate's degree Radio and Television Announcers 27-3011 370 419 49 13% 10 10 20 $19.95 $41,505 Bachelor's degree Radio Operators 27-4013 10 9 0 0% 0 0 0 $29.29 $60,916 Short-term on-the-job training Radio, Cellular, and Tower Equipment Installers and Repairs 49-2021 61 62 1 3% 0 1 1 $18.04 $37,530 Associate's degree Radiologic Technologists and Technicians 29-2037 1259 1463 203 16% 41 20 60 $38.09 $79,217 Associate's degree Rail Car Repairers 49-3043 138 171 33 25% 7 4 10 $20.89 $43,445 Long-term on-the-job training Rail Transportation Workers, All Other 53-4099 17 18 2 13% 0 1 1 $24.68 $51,333 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rail Yard Engineers, Dinkey Operators, and Hostlers 53-4013 25 25 1 4% 0 1 1 $20.19 $42,004 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rail-Track Laying and Maintenance Equipment Operators 47-4061 83 88 5 5% 1 2 3 $22.50 $46,808 Moderate-term on-the-job training Railroad Brake, Signal, and Switch Operators 53-4021 163 169 6 4% 1 5 7 $31.32 $65,144 Moderate-term on-the-job training Railroad Conductors and Yardmasters 53-4031 299 322 23 8% 5 9 14 $22.97 $47,785 Moderate-term on-the-job training Real Estate Brokers 41-9021 5647 6214 567 10% 113 127 240 $20.44 $42,523 Work experience in a related occupation Real Estate Sales Agents 41-9022 28217 31206 2988 11% 598 634 1232 $12.80 $26,625 Postsecondary non-degree award Receptionists and Information Clerks 43-4171 6533 7181 648 10% 130 198 327 $13.44 $27,964 Short-term on-the-job training Recreation Workers 39-9032 3298 3674 376 11% 75 53 128 $10.71 $22,269 Bachelor's degree Recreational Therapists 29-1125 31 36 5 16% 1 1 2 $28.38 $59,028 Bachelor's degree Recreational Vehicle Service Technicians 49-3092 61 60 -1 -3% 0 2 1 $15.89 $33,060 Long-term on-the-job training Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors 53-7081 907 1051 144 16% 29 27 56 $19.25 $40,044 Short-term on-the-job training Registered Nurses 29-1111 16659 18857 2198 13% 440 302 741 $47.70 $99,215 Associate's degree Rehabilitation Counselors 21-1015 655 714 58 9% 12 14 26 $13.56 $28,215 Master's degree Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers 47-2171 109 107 -2 -2% 0 2 2 $17.85 $37,128 Long-term on-the-job training Religious Workers, All Other 21-2099 248 262 14 6% 3 5 7 $13.38 $27,831 Bachelor's degree Reporters and Correspondents 27-3022 458 491 33 7% 7 16 23 $17.71 $36,836 Bachelor's degree Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks 43-4181 534 509 -25 -5% -5 10 5 $17.92 $37,276 Short-term on-the-job training Residential Advisors 39-9041 242 281 38 16% 8 9 17 $12.65 $26,307 Short-term on-the-job training Respiratory Therapists 29-1126 775 871 96 12% 19 15 34 $38.91 $80,939 Associate's degree Respiratory Therapy Technicians 29-2054 81 81 0 0% 0 1 1 $26.16 $54,419 Associate's degree Retail Salespersons 41-2031 32934 35555 2621 8% 524 968 1492 $11.18 $23,245 Short-term on-the-job training Riggers 49-9096 8 8 1 14% 0 0 0 $27.99 $58,223 Short-term on-the-job training Rock Splitters, Quarry 47-5051 20 32 13 68% 3 0 3 $17.49 $36,388 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4023 34 33 -1 -6% 0 1 0 $17.51 $36,414 Moderate-term on-the-job training Roofers 47-2181 1461 1510 48 3% 10 30 40 $20.33 $42,294 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rotary Drill Operators, Oil and Gas 47-5012 60 70 11 19% 2 1 3 $22.64 $47,093 Moderate-term on-the-job training Roustabouts, Oil and Gas 47-5071 22 27 5 24% 1 0 1 $18.03 $37,511 Moderate-term on-the-job training Sailors and Marine Oilers 53-5011 27 33 6 22% 1 1 2 $16.03 $33,335 Short-term on-the-job training Sales and Related Workers, All Other 41-9799 3282 3526 243 7% 49 83 132 $18.73 $38,950 Moderate-term on-the-job training Sales Engineers 41-9031 574 607 32 6% 7 19 26 $51.05 $106,180 Bachelor's degree Sales Managers 11-2022 3108 3311 202 6% 40 90 131 $37.69 $78,403 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Sales Representatives, Services, All Other 41-3099 5519 5937 418 8% 84 162 246 $23.65 $49,185 Short-term on-the-job training Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products 41-4012 6497 6997 500 8% 100 153 253 $25.61 $53,268 Moderate-term on-the-job training Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products 41-4011 2106 2220 114 5% 23 50 72 $37.15 $77,275 Bachelor's degree Sawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Wood 51-7041 186 184 -2 -1% 0 4 4 $14.42 $29,997 Short-term on-the-job training Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education 25-2031 7907 8090 182 2% 36 216 253 $28.89 $60,085 Bachelor's degree Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive 43-6014 13044 13548 505 4% 101 175 276 $17.29 $35,956 Short-term on-the-job training Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents 41-3031 8000 9853 1853 23% 371 221 591 $21.02 $43,731 Bachelor's degree Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers 49-2098 675 722 48 7% 10 17 26 $18.12 $37,698 Moderate-term on-the-job training Security Guards 33-9032 8136 8810 674 8% 135 129 264 $11.24 $23,383 Short-term on-the-job training Segmental Pavers 47-4091 22 23 0 0% 0 1 1 $15.90 $33,081 Moderate-term on-the-job training Self-Enrichment Education Teachers 25-3021 3856 4645 789 20% 158 59 217 $13.84 $28,787 Work experience in a related occupation Semiconductor Processors 51-9141 113 129 16 14% 3 3 6 $16.21 $33,718 Associate's degree Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9012 240 280 39 16% 8 4 12 $13.73 $28,562 Moderate-term on-the-job training Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners 47-4071 157 165 8 5% 2 4 6 $18.17 $37,801 Moderate-term on-the-job training Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas, and Mining 47-5013 18 22 5 29% 1 0 1 $28.72 $59,730 Moderate-term on-the-job training Set and Exhibit Designers 27-1027 118 124 6 5% 1 4 5 $20.74 $43,139 Bachelor's degree Sewers, Hand 51-6051 87 94 7 9% 1 1 3 $10.56 $21,968 Moderate-term on-the-job training Sewing Machine Operators 51-6031 422 439 16 4% 3 2 6 $11.57 $24,057 Short-term on-the-job training Shampooers 39-5093 215 243 28 13% 6 4 10 $7.23 $15,036 Short-term on-the-job training Sheet Metal Workers 47-2211 608 579 -29 -5% -6 10 5 $23.40 $48,681 Long-term on-the-job training Ship Engineers 53-5031 30 32 2 7% 0 1 2 $36.92 $76,802 Bachelor's degree Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks 43-5071 4286 4334 49 1% 10 109 119 $14.70 $30,572 Short-term on-the-job training Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers 51-6041 116 99 -17 -15% -3 4 0 $12.67 $26,347 Moderate-term on-the-job training Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders 51-6042 3 3 0 0% 0 0 0 $15.89 $33,044 Short-term on-the-job training Signal and Track Switch Repairers 49-9097 59 62 2 3% 0 1 2 $27.21 $56,591 Postsecondary non-degree award Skincare Specialists 39-5094 555 648 93 17% 19 10 29 $11.85 $24,649 Postsecondary non-degree award Slaughterers and Meat Packers 51-3023 76 81 6 8% 1 2 3 $11.19 $23,280 Moderate-term on-the-job training Slot Supervisors 39-1012 79 87 9 12% 2 1 3 $9.68 $20,135 Work experience in a related occupation Social and Community Service Managers 11-9151 1259 1371 112 9% 22 27 50 $28.32 $58,905 Bachelor's degree Social and Human Service Assistants 21-1093 2786 2991 205 7% 41 60 101 $18.56 $38,604 Short-term on-the-job training Social Science Research Assistants 19-4061 154 176 21 14% 4 7 11 $18.59 $38,666 Associate's degree Social Scientists and Related Workers, All Other 19-3099 322 354 33 10% 7 13 20 $33.73 $70,148 Master's degree Social Workers, All Other 21-1029 622 650 28 5% 6 15 20 $31.64 $65,807 Bachelor's degree Sociologists 19-3041 95 102 6 6% 1 2 4 $35.44 $73,722 Master's degree Software Developers, Applications 15-1132 4737 5051 314 7% 63 49 112 $42.62 $88,652 Bachelor's degree Software Developers, Systems Software 15-1133 4750 5074 324 7% 65 49 114 $43.33 $90,131 Bachelor's degree Soil and Plant Scientists 19-1013 141 159 18 13% 4 6 9 $32.66 $67,928 Bachelor's degree Sound Engineering Technicians 27-4014 119 127 8 8% 2 3 5 $27.33 $56,855 Postsecondary non-degree award Special Education Teachers, Middle School 25-2053 281 309 29 10% 6 8 14 $29.46 $61,283 Bachelor's degree Special Education Teachers, Preschool, Kindergarten, and Elementary School 25-2041 1137 1239 102 9% 20 34 54 $29.21 $60,748 Bachelor's degree Special Education Teachers, Secondary School 25-2054 518 535 17 3% 3 15 19 $26.24 $54,579 Bachelor's degree Speech-Language Pathologists 29-1127 894 967 74 8% 15 17 32 $35.74 $74,334 Master's degree Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators 51-8021 403 417 15 4% 3 9 12 $31.16 $64,813 Long-term on-the-job training Statistical Assistants 43-9111 78 81 3 4% 1 1 2 $22.44 $46,669 Bachelor's degree Statisticians 15-2041 129 145 16 12% 3 8 11 $34.93 $72,651 Master's degree Stock Clerks and Order Fillers 43-5081 12868 13484 616 5% 123 320 443 $11.97 $24,889 Short-term on-the-job training Stonemasons 47-2022 271 244 -28 -10% -6 6 0 $13.98 $29,077 Long-term on-the-job training Structural Iron and Steel Workers 47-2221 532 481 -51 -10% -10 11 1 $28.00 $58,246 Long-term on-the-job training Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters 51-2041 321 317 -4 -2% -1 6 5 $16.66 $34,646 Moderate-term on-the-job training Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors 21-1011 712 808 96 13% 19 15 34 $15.69 $32,625 Bachelor's degree Subway and Streetcar Operators 53-4041 36 39 3 8% 1 1 2 $28.04 $58,333 Moderate-term on-the-job training Surgeons 29-1067 517 552 35 7% 7 10 17 $106.79 $222,133 First professional degree Surgical Technologists 29-2055 643 745 101 16% 20 11 32 $26.74 $55,625 Postsecondary non-degree award Survey Researchers 19-3022 148 173 26 18% 5 4 9 $23.24 $48,333 Bachelor's degree Surveying and Mapping Technicians 17-3031 482 502 19 4% 4 9 13 $25.08 $52,162 Moderate-term on-the-job training Surveyors 17-1022 585 620 34 6% 7 13 20 $39.06 $81,237 Bachelor's degree Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service 43-2011 805 712 -93 -12% -19 16 -3 $14.54 $30,240 Short-term on-the-job training Tailors, Dressmakers, and Custom Sewers 51-6052 1022 940 -81 -8% -16 14 -3 $13.47 $28,019 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders 53-7121 17 18 1 6% 0 1 1 $17.63 $36,668 Short-term on-the-job training Tapers 47-2082 486 298 -188 -39% -38 13 -24 $23.24 $48,330 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents 13-2081 2406 2455 49 2% 10 57 66 $27.00 $56,164 Bachelor's degree Tax Preparers 13-2082 1378 1458 80 6% 16 31 47 $18.35 $38,161 Moderate-term on-the-job training Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs 53-3041 1448 1701 254 18% 51 18 69 $9.94 $20,677 Short-term on-the-job training Teacher Assistants 25-9041 10217 10771 554 5% 111 230 341 $14.28 $29,704 Short-term on-the-job training Teachers and Instructors, All Other 25-3999 7344 7953 609 8% 122 112 234 $18.21 $37,883 Bachelor's degree Team Assemblers 51-2092 2755 2830 75 3% 15 55 70 $12.20 $25,373 Moderate-term on-the-job training Technical Writers 27-3042 366 409 43 12% 9 7 16 $32.34 $67,276 Bachelor's degree Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except Line Installers 49-2022 2855 2952 97 3% 19 45 65 $28.07 $58,391 Postsecondary non-degree award Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers 49-9052 752 859 108 14% 22 14 35 $28.34 $58,950 Long-term on-the-job training Telemarketers 41-9041 1929 1894 -36 -2% -7 41 34 $10.27 $21,365 Short-term on-the-job training Telephone Operators 43-2021 193 179 -14 -7% -3 5 2 $15.04 $31,283 Short-term on-the-job training Tellers 43-3071 3147 3224 77 2% 15 129 145 $12.88 $26,795 Short-term on-the-job training Terrazzo Workers and Finishers 47-2053 48 45 -4 -8% -1 1 0 $17.32 $36,017 Long-term on-the-job training Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and Tenders 51-6061 9 9 0 0% 0 0 0 $8.58 $17,837 Short-term on-the-job training Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-6062 8 8 0 0% 0 0 0 $11.25 $23,391 Moderate-term on-the-job training Textile Knitting and Weaving Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-6063 2 1 -1 0% 0 0 0 $9.33 $19,402 Moderate-term on-the-job training Textile Winding, Twisting, and Drawing Out Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-6064 2 1 -1 -50% 0 0 0 $10.04 $20,876 Moderate-term on-the-job training Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other 51-6099 24 22 -2 -8% 0 0 0 $15.91 $33,088 Short-term on-the-job training Therapists, All Other 29-1128 578 651 73 13% 15 12 27 $24.62 $51,219 Master's degree Tile and Marble Setters 47-2044 891 910 19 2% 4 19 23 $20.18 $41,965 Long-term on-the-job training Tire Builders 51-9197 8 4 -4 -50% -1 0 -1 $14.03 $29,183 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tire Repairers and Changers 49-3093 865 932 67 8% 13 22 36 $12.28 $25,549 Moderate-term on-the-job training Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers 23-2093 645 685 40 6% 8 10 18 $24.29 $50,520 Short-term on-the-job training Tool and Die Makers 51-4111 77 92 15 18% 3 0 3 $22.39 $46,571 Long-term on-the-job training Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners 51-4194 95 100 5 4% 1 1 2 $15.97 $33,222 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tour Guides and Escorts 39-7011 321 347 26 8% 5 12 18 $14.70 $30,580 Moderate-term on-the-job training Traffic Technicians 53-6041 45 46 1 2% 0 1 2 $36.89 $76,727 Short-term on-the-job training Training and Development Managers 11-3131 158 171 12 8% 2 4 6 $51.53 $107,192 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Training and Development Specialists 13-1151 1330 1530 199 15% 40 22 62 $28.99 $60,294 Bachelor's degree Transit and Railroad Police 33-3052 40 42 2 3% 0 1 1 $29.52 $61,409 Short-term on-the-job training Transportation Attendants, Except Flight Attendants 53-6061 20 23 3 15% 1 0 1 $14.41 $29,965 Short-term on-the-job training Transportation Inspectors 53-6051 179 189 11 6% 2 4 6 $30.13 $62,670 Short-term on-the-job training Transportation Security Screeners (federal only) 33-9093 409 441 32 8% 6 5 11 $17.68 $36,772 Moderate-term on-the-job training Transportation Workers, All Other 53-6099 185 198 13 7% 2 6 8 $15.38 $31,989 Short-term on-the-job training Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers 11-3071 756 820 64 8% 13 18 31 $36.31 $75,520 Work experience in a related occupation Travel Agents 41-3041 566 434 -132 -23% -26 6 -20 $14.34 $29,826 Moderate-term on-the-job training Travel Guides 39-7012 88 85 -3 -5% -1 3 3 $17.42 $36,239 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tree Trimmers and Pruners 37-3013 684 734 50 7% 10 12 22 $18.01 $37,463 Short-term on-the-job training Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials 27-2023 342 380 38 11% 8 9 16 $11.33 $23,568 Long-term on-the-job training Upholsterers 51-6093 487 425 -61 -13% -12 13 0 $13.73 $28,561 Moderate-term on-the-job training Urban and Regional Planners 19-3051 771 810 40 5% 8 20 28 $40.10 $83,417 Master's degree Ushers, Lobby Attendants, and Ticket Takers 39-3031 538 545 7 1% 1 31 33 $10.24 $21,299 Short-term on-the-job training Veterinarians 29-1131 863 925 62 7% 12 17 29 $36.98 $76,921 First professional degree Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers 31-9096 781 779 -2 0% 0 12 12 $13.78 $28,672 Short-term on-the-job training Veterinary Technologists and Technicians 29-2056 703 812 109 16% 22 12 34 $22.64 $47,094 Associate's degree Waiters and Waitresses 35-3031 12775 14431 1656 13% 331 638 969 $8.92 $18,563 Short-term on-the-job training Watch Repairers 49-9064 143 119 -24 -17% -5 4 -1 $13.52 $28,111 Long-term on-the-job training Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators 51-8031 931 991 60 6% 12 24 36 $34.49 $71,732 Long-term on-the-job training Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping 43-5111 1308 1404 96 7% 19 51 70 $10.87 $22,604 Short-term on-the-job training Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers 51-4121 1217 1297 80 7% 16 32 48 $17.80 $37,025 Postsecondary non-degree award Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-4122 80 83 3 4% 1 2 3 $16.17 $33,634 Postsecondary non-degree award Wellhead Pumpers 53-7073 120 126 6 4% 1 4 5 $27.14 $56,456 Moderate-term on-the-job training Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products 13-1022 887 941 54 6% 11 22 33 $23.52 $48,917 Long-term on-the-job training Woodworkers, All Other 51-7099 167 137 -30 -18% -6 4 -2 $13.68 $28,460 Moderate-term on-the-job training Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Except Sawing 51-7042 206 141 -66 -32% -13 2 -11 $15.77 $32,793 Short-term on-the-job training Word Processors and Typists 43-9022 1738 1676 -62 -4% -12 10 -2 $15.74 $32,729 Short-term on-the-job training Writers and Authors 27-3043 2711 2999 288 11% 58 71 128 $15.49 $32,224 Bachelor's degree Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists 19-1023 278 292 14 5% 3 6 9 $34.06 $70,846 Bachelor's degree   Source: Economic Modeling Specialsts, Inc. EMSI (4th Quarter 2012) Annual average employment estimates are rounded to the nearest whole number. Occupation Data Organizing regional employment information by occupation provides a workforce-oriented view of the regional economy. EMSI's occupation data are based on EMSI's industry data and regional staffing patterns taken from the Occupational Employment Statistics program (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Wage information is partially derived from the American Community Survey. Educational Attainment Data EMSI's educational attainment numbers are based on Census 1990, Census 2000, the Current Population Survey, and EMSI's demographic data. By combining these sources, EMSI interpolates for missing years and projects data at the county level. Educational attainment data cover only the population aged 25 years or more and indicate the highest level achieved. State Data Sources This report uses state data from the following agencies: California Labor Market Information Department.