Close Window    All Occupations View All 1st Quarter 2013 Search Occupation: SOC Code: Education/Training Level: Select... Associate's degree Bachelor's degree Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Doctoral degree First professional degree Long-term on-the-job training Master's degree Moderate-term on-the-job training N/A Postsecondary non-degree award Short-term on-the-job training Work experience in a related occupation     Total for All Occupations Employment Employment Change Average Annual Job Openings Wage 2013 2018 Numerical Percent New Jobs Replacement Jobs Total Median Hourly Median Annual 1,232,493 1,311,606 79,113 6.42% 15,822 28,355 44,176 $23.67 $49,241     Employment Employment Change Average Annual Job Openings Wages and Training Levels Occupation SOC 2013 2018 Numerical Percent New Jobs Replacement Jobs Total Median Hourly Median Annual Education and Training Level Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists 19-1023 278 291 13 5% 3 6 9 $33.97 $70,652 Bachelor's degree Writers and Authors 27-3043 2794 3089 295 11% 59 73 132 $15.46 $32,156 Bachelor's degree Word Processors and Typists 43-9022 1703 1618 -85 -5% -17 10 -7 $15.61 $32,469 Short-term on-the-job training Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Except Sawing 51-7042 201 130 -71 -36% -14 2 -13 $15.81 $32,880 Short-term on-the-job training Woodworkers, All Other 51-7099 166 131 -35 -21% -7 4 -3 $13.50 $28,089 Moderate-term on-the-job training Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products 13-1022 911 948 38 4% 8 23 30 $23.59 $49,077 Long-term on-the-job training Wellhead Pumpers 53-7073 129 152 23 17% 5 4 8 $27.32 $56,831 Moderate-term on-the-job training Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-4122 83 86 3 2% 1 2 3 $16.31 $33,917 Postsecondary non-degree award Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers 51-4121 1249 1298 49 4% 10 33 43 $17.97 $37,380 Postsecondary non-degree award Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping 43-5111 1295 1370 75 6% 15 51 66 $10.76 $22,383 Short-term on-the-job training Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators 51-8031 951 1007 57 6% 11 25 36 $34.64 $72,054 Long-term on-the-job training Watch Repairers 49-9064 141 121 -21 -15% -4 4 0 $13.44 $27,958 Long-term on-the-job training Waiters and Waitresses 35-3031 13552 15046 1494 11% 299 677 975 $8.92 $18,561 Short-term on-the-job training Veterinary Technologists and Technicians 29-2056 717 834 116 16% 23 12 36 $22.80 $47,415 Associate's degree Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers 31-9096 776 785 10 1% 2 12 14 $13.93 $28,972 Short-term on-the-job training Veterinarians 29-1131 880 957 77 9% 15 17 33 $37.19 $77,345 First professional degree Ushers, Lobby Attendants, and Ticket Takers 39-3031 564 570 5 1% 1 33 34 $10.24 $21,307 Short-term on-the-job training Urban and Regional Planners 19-3051 771 805 34 4% 7 20 27 $40.15 $83,517 Master's degree Upholsterers 51-6093 489 430 -58 -12% -12 13 1 $13.68 $28,461 Moderate-term on-the-job training Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials 27-2023 350 389 38 11% 8 9 16 $11.33 $23,557 Long-term on-the-job training Tree Trimmers and Pruners 37-3013 742 773 31 4% 6 13 19 $18.07 $37,581 Short-term on-the-job training Travel Guides 39-7012 86 84 -2 -1% 0 3 3 $17.09 $35,557 Moderate-term on-the-job training Travel Agents 41-3041 485 369 -116 -24% -23 5 -18 $13.76 $28,628 Moderate-term on-the-job training Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers 11-3071 780 810 30 4% 6 19 25 $36.25 $75,407 Work experience in a related occupation Transportation Workers, All Other 53-6099 189 201 12 7% 2 6 8 $15.40 $32,025 Short-term on-the-job training Transportation Security Screeners (federal only) 33-9093 420 451 31 7% 6 5 11 $17.65 $36,705 Moderate-term on-the-job training Transportation Inspectors 53-6051 182 194 12 6% 2 4 7 $30.04 $62,484 Short-term on-the-job training Transportation Attendants, Except Flight Attendants 53-6061 22 26 4 18% 1 0 1 $14.28 $29,702 Short-term on-the-job training Transit and Railroad Police 33-3052 40 41 1 5% 0 1 1 $29.10 $60,520 Short-term on-the-job training Training and Development Specialists 13-1151 1359 1555 195 14% 39 23 62 $28.96 $60,239 Bachelor's degree Training and Development Managers 11-3131 162 173 11 7% 2 4 6 $51.54 $107,204 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Traffic Technicians 53-6041 45 46 1 2% 0 1 2 $37.02 $77,011 Short-term on-the-job training Tour Guides and Escorts 39-7011 325 351 27 8% 5 12 18 $14.47 $30,088 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tool Grinders, Filers, and Sharpeners 51-4194 99 103 3 3% 1 1 2 $15.98 $33,245 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tool and Die Makers 51-4111 82 97 14 17% 3 0 3 $22.11 $45,993 Long-term on-the-job training Title Examiners, Abstractors, and Searchers 23-2093 652 681 28 4% 6 10 16 $24.18 $50,298 Short-term on-the-job training Tire Repairers and Changers 49-3093 986 1041 56 6% 11 26 37 $12.31 $25,598 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tire Builders 51-9197 8 4 -4 -50% -1 0 0 $14.27 $29,681 Moderate-term on-the-job training Timing Device Assemblers and Adjusters 51-2093 1 1 0 0% 0 0 0 $16.55 $34,424 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tile and Marble Setters 47-2044 841 835 -6 -1% -1 18 17 $20.06 $41,725 Long-term on-the-job training Therapists, All Other 29-1128 589 650 61 10% 12 13 25 $24.59 $51,145 Master's degree Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers, All Other 51-6099 25 24 -1 -4% 0 0 0 $15.56 $32,369 Short-term on-the-job training Textile Winding, Twisting, and Drawing Out Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-6064 4 3 -1 -33% 0 0 0 $9.75 $20,275 Moderate-term on-the-job training Textile Knitting and Weaving Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-6063 2 1 -1 -100% 0 0 0 $9.29 $19,333 Moderate-term on-the-job training Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-6062 10 9 -1 -11% 0 0 0 $11.20 $23,297 Moderate-term on-the-job training Textile Bleaching and Dyeing Machine Operators and Tenders 51-6061 11 12 1 10% 0 0 0 $8.78 $18,264 Short-term on-the-job training Terrazzo Workers and Finishers 47-2053 46 40 -6 -13% -1 1 0 $17.16 $35,697 Long-term on-the-job training Tellers 43-3071 3336 3319 -17 0% -3 137 134 $12.78 $26,574 Short-term on-the-job training Telephone Operators 43-2021 182 168 -14 -8% -3 5 2 $14.81 $30,805 Short-term on-the-job training Telemarketers 41-9041 1781 1854 73 4% 15 38 53 $10.21 $21,228 Short-term on-the-job training Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers 49-9052 714 801 88 12% 18 13 31 $28.06 $58,370 Long-term on-the-job training Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except Line Installers 49-2022 2725 2736 11 0% 2 43 45 $27.75 $57,726 Postsecondary non-degree award Technical Writers 27-3042 386 434 48 12% 10 8 17 $32.16 $66,886 Bachelor's degree Team Assemblers 51-2092 3176 3142 -34 -1% -7 63 56 $12.10 $25,162 Moderate-term on-the-job training Teachers and Instructors, All Other 25-3999 7406 7929 523 7% 105 113 218 $18.17 $37,791 Bachelor's degree Teacher Assistants 25-9041 10038 10535 497 5% 99 226 326 $14.26 $29,669 Short-term on-the-job training Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs 53-3041 1577 1859 282 18% 56 20 76 $10.00 $20,799 Short-term on-the-job training Tax Preparers 13-2082 1360 1398 38 3% 8 31 38 $18.39 $38,249 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents 13-2081 2373 2406 33 1% 7 56 62 $26.97 $56,105 Bachelor's degree Tapers 47-2082 456 203 -253 -55% -51 13 -38 $23.10 $48,048 Moderate-term on-the-job training Tank Car, Truck, and Ship Loaders 53-7121 22 22 1 5% 0 1 1 $17.89 $37,214 Short-term on-the-job training Tailors, Dressmakers, and Custom Sewers 51-6052 1025 965 -60 -6% -12 14 2 $13.32 $27,704 Moderate-term on-the-job training Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service 43-2011 770 690 -79 -10% -16 15 -1 $14.53 $30,222 Short-term on-the-job training Surveyors 17-1022 579 608 29 5% 6 13 18 $39.12 $81,361 Bachelor's degree Surveying and Mapping Technicians 17-3031 482 500 18 4% 4 9 13 $25.12 $52,240 Moderate-term on-the-job training Survey Researchers 19-3022 154 178 24 15% 5 4 9 $23.26 $48,390 Bachelor's degree Surgical Technologists 29-2055 651 751 100 15% 20 11 31 $26.86 $55,864 Postsecondary non-degree award Surgeons 29-1067 519 561 42 8% 8 10 19 $106.91 $222,378 First professional degree Subway and Streetcar Operators 53-4041 37 39 3 8% 1 1 2 $28.18 $58,606 Moderate-term on-the-job training Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors 21-1011 726 796 70 10% 14 16 29 $15.65 $32,554 Bachelor's degree Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters 51-2041 327 313 -14 -4% -3 6 4 $16.68 $34,701 Moderate-term on-the-job training Structural Iron and Steel Workers 47-2221 477 407 -70 -15% -14 10 -4 $27.93 $58,089 Long-term on-the-job training Stonemasons 47-2022 270 230 -40 -14% -8 6 -2 $14.02 $29,160 Long-term on-the-job training Stock Clerks and Order Fillers 43-5081 12855 13309 453 4% 91 319 410 $11.95 $24,861 Short-term on-the-job training Statisticians 15-2041 131 146 15 12% 3 8 11 $34.98 $72,754 Master's degree Statistical Assistants 43-9111 80 83 4 5% 1 1 2 $22.47 $46,730 Bachelor's degree Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators 51-8021 402 412 10 3% 2 9 11 $31.15 $64,785 Long-term on-the-job training Speech-Language Pathologists 29-1127 895 964 69 8% 14 17 31 $35.58 $74,013 Master's degree Special Education Teachers, Secondary School 25-2054 497 507 10 2% 2 15 17 $26.24 $54,587 Bachelor's degree Special Education Teachers, Preschool, Kindergarten, and Elementary School 25-2041 1114 1204 90 8% 18 33 51 $29.23 $60,802 Bachelor's degree Special Education Teachers, Middle School 25-2053 275 294 18 7% 4 8 12 $29.53 $61,430 Bachelor's degree Sound Engineering Technicians 27-4014 125 134 9 7% 2 4 5 $27.19 $56,563 Postsecondary non-degree award Soil and Plant Scientists 19-1013 144 159 15 10% 3 6 9 $32.87 $68,367 Bachelor's degree Software Developers, Systems Software 15-1133 4866 5165 300 6% 60 51 111 $43.55 $90,587 Bachelor's degree Software Developers, Applications 15-1132 4793 5085 292 6% 58 50 108 $42.57 $88,551 Bachelor's degree Sociologists 19-3041 99 105 6 7% 1 2 4 $35.45 $73,737 Master's degree Social Workers, All Other 21-1029 622 646 24 4% 5 15 19 $31.59 $65,712 Bachelor's degree Social Scientists and Related Workers, All Other 19-3099 326 353 27 8% 5 14 19 $33.65 $69,993 Master's degree Social Science Research Assistants 19-4061 160 181 21 13% 4 7 11 $18.53 $38,536 Associate's degree Social and Human Service Assistants 21-1093 2803 2989 186 7% 37 61 98 $18.53 $38,541 Short-term on-the-job training Social and Community Service Managers 11-9151 1271 1368 98 8% 20 28 47 $28.26 $58,784 Bachelor's degree Slot Supervisors 39-1012 84 97 13 14% 3 2 4 $9.72 $20,216 Work experience in a related occupation Slaughterers and Meat Packers 51-3023 80 86 6 6% 1 2 3 $11.33 $23,572 Moderate-term on-the-job training Skincare Specialists 39-5094 564 647 83 15% 17 10 27 $11.64 $24,215 Postsecondary non-degree award Signal and Track Switch Repairers 49-9097 58 61 3 5% 1 1 2 $25.87 $53,807 Postsecondary non-degree award Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders 51-6042 2 1 -1 -100% 0 0 0 $15.35 $31,921 Short-term on-the-job training Shoe and Leather Workers and Repairers 51-6041 90 38 -52 -59% -10 3 -8 $12.79 $26,613 Moderate-term on-the-job training Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks 43-5071 4460 4413 -46 -1% -9 114 104 $14.70 $30,584 Short-term on-the-job training Ship Engineers 53-5031 30 31 0 0% 0 1 1 $36.49 $75,895 Bachelor's degree Sheet Metal Workers 47-2211 623 569 -54 -9% -11 11 0 $23.53 $48,935 Long-term on-the-job training Shampooers 39-5093 217 240 22 10% 4 4 8 $7.07 $14,698 Short-term on-the-job training Sewing Machine Operators 51-6031 407 355 -52 -13% -10 2 -8 $11.48 $23,885 Short-term on-the-job training Sewers, Hand 51-6051 95 113 18 19% 4 1 5 $10.36 $21,555 Moderate-term on-the-job training Set and Exhibit Designers 27-1027 120 126 6 5% 1 4 5 $20.65 $42,948 Bachelor's degree Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas, and Mining 47-5013 18 20 2 11% 0 0 1 $27.78 $57,789 Moderate-term on-the-job training Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners 47-4071 153 162 9 6% 2 4 6 $18.22 $37,895 Moderate-term on-the-job training Separating, Filtering, Clarifying, Precipitating, and Still Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9012 254 285 31 13% 6 4 10 $13.74 $28,573 Moderate-term on-the-job training Semiconductor Processors 51-9141 115 128 13 11% 3 3 5 $16.17 $33,629 Associate's degree Self-Enrichment Education Teachers 25-3021 4023 4692 669 17% 134 62 195 $13.82 $28,750 Work experience in a related occupation Segmental Pavers 47-4091 25 24 -1 -4% 0 1 1 $15.81 $32,890 Moderate-term on-the-job training Security Guards 33-9032 6885 7740 855 12% 171 109 280 $11.17 $23,240 Short-term on-the-job training Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers 49-2098 590 656 66 11% 13 15 28 $17.77 $36,953 Moderate-term on-the-job training Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents 41-3031 8212 9991 1779 22% 356 227 583 $20.37 $42,368 Bachelor's degree Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive 43-6014 13300 13701 401 3% 80 178 259 $17.26 $35,909 Short-term on-the-job training Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education 25-2031 7671 7877 205 3% 41 210 251 $28.87 $60,043 Bachelor's degree Sawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Wood 51-7041 189 176 -13 -7% -3 4 1 $14.45 $30,052 Short-term on-the-job training Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products 41-4011 2291 2450 159 7% 32 54 86 $37.15 $77,269 Bachelor's degree Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products 41-4012 7005 7454 449 6% 90 165 255 $25.77 $53,603 Moderate-term on-the-job training Sales Representatives, Services, All Other 41-3099 5592 5978 386 7% 77 164 241 $23.59 $49,059 Short-term on-the-job training Sales Managers 11-2022 3160 3313 153 5% 31 92 123 $37.60 $78,214 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Sales Engineers 41-9031 592 612 21 4% 4 20 24 $50.84 $105,751 Bachelor's degree Sales and Related Workers, All Other 41-9799 3277 3477 200 6% 40 83 123 $18.60 $38,682 Moderate-term on-the-job training Sailors and Marine Oilers 53-5011 28 32 4 14% 1 1 2 $15.80 $32,867 Short-term on-the-job training Roustabouts, Oil and Gas 47-5071 21 22 1 10% 0 0 1 $17.57 $36,550 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rotary Drill Operators, Oil and Gas 47-5012 49 63 14 31% 3 1 4 $22.41 $46,606 Moderate-term on-the-job training Roofers 47-2181 1290 1329 39 3% 8 27 34 $19.79 $41,154 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rolling Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4023 37 35 -3 -8% -1 1 0 $17.48 $36,354 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rock Splitters, Quarry 47-5051 23 36 13 59% 3 0 3 $18.21 $37,878 Moderate-term on-the-job training Riggers 49-9096 10 11 1 10% 0 0 0 $28.00 $58,240 Short-term on-the-job training Retail Salespersons 41-2031 32793 35068 2275 7% 455 963 1418 $11.14 $23,174 Short-term on-the-job training Respiratory Therapy Technicians 29-2054 79 78 -1 0% 0 1 1 $26.19 $54,475 Associate's degree Respiratory Therapists 29-1126 783 872 89 11% 18 15 33 $38.90 $80,911 Associate's degree Residential Advisors 39-9041 254 295 41 16% 8 10 18 $12.65 $26,315 Short-term on-the-job training Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks 43-4181 514 502 -12 -2% -2 10 7 $18.04 $37,524 Short-term on-the-job training Reporters and Correspondents 27-3022 464 477 13 3% 2 16 19 $17.66 $36,740 Bachelor's degree Religious Workers, All Other 21-2099 244 253 8 3% 2 4 6 $13.33 $27,733 Bachelor's degree Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers 47-2171 95 90 -6 -6% -1 2 1 $17.90 $37,241 Long-term on-the-job training Rehabilitation Counselors 21-1015 671 735 64 9% 13 14 27 $13.58 $28,238 Master's degree Registered Nurses 29-1111 16865 18918 2052 12% 411 305 716 $47.75 $99,312 Associate's degree Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors 53-7081 921 1074 153 17% 31 27 58 $19.33 $40,212 Short-term on-the-job training Recreational Vehicle Service Technicians 49-3092 68 66 -3 -4% -1 2 1 $15.74 $32,735 Long-term on-the-job training Recreational Therapists 29-1125 33 38 5 12% 1 1 2 $28.24 $58,739 Bachelor's degree Recreation Workers 39-9032 3368 3739 371 11% 74 54 128 $10.72 $22,296 Bachelor's degree Receptionists and Information Clerks 43-4171 6666 7307 641 10% 128 202 330 $13.43 $27,942 Short-term on-the-job training Real Estate Sales Agents 41-9022 29060 32208 3149 11% 630 653 1283 $12.86 $26,749 Postsecondary non-degree award Real Estate Brokers 41-9021 5810 6402 592 10% 118 131 249 $20.54 $42,723 Work experience in a related occupation Railroad Conductors and Yardmasters 53-4031 294 321 27 10% 5 9 14 $22.87 $47,566 Moderate-term on-the-job training Railroad Brake, Signal, and Switch Operators 53-4021 159 168 8 5% 2 5 7 $31.21 $64,910 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rail-Track Laying and Maintenance Equipment Operators 47-4061 83 88 5 6% 1 2 3 $21.40 $44,511 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rail Yard Engineers, Dinkey Operators, and Hostlers 53-4013 25 26 1 4% 0 1 1 $19.15 $39,837 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rail Transportation Workers, All Other 53-4099 17 19 2 13% 0 1 1 $23.72 $49,341 Moderate-term on-the-job training Rail Car Repairers 49-3043 144 176 32 22% 6 4 10 $20.88 $43,420 Long-term on-the-job training Radiologic Technologists and Technicians 29-2037 1266 1454 188 15% 38 20 57 $38.17 $79,401 Associate's degree Radio, Cellular, and Tower Equipment Installers and Repairs 49-2021 58 57 -1 -2% 0 1 1 $17.86 $37,153 Associate's degree Radio Operators 27-4013 9 9 0 0% 0 0 0 $29.23 $60,803 Short-term on-the-job training Radio and Television Announcers 27-3011 386 435 49 13% 10 10 20 $20.25 $42,129 Bachelor's degree Radiation Therapists 29-1124 79 90 11 15% 2 1 4 $47.88 $99,597 Associate's degree Purchasing Managers 11-3061 290 311 21 7% 4 9 13 $49.74 $103,466 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products 13-1023 1802 1911 109 6% 22 48 70 $28.73 $59,761 Long-term on-the-job training Pump Operators, Except Wellhead Pumpers 53-7072 55 57 2 4% 0 2 2 $24.42 $50,785 Moderate-term on-the-job training Public Relations Specialists 27-3031 1937 2109 172 9% 34 52 86 $31.40 $65,317 Bachelor's degree Public Relations and Fundraising Managers 11-2031 398 421 23 6% 5 11 16 $49.03 $101,981 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Public Address System and Other Announcers 27-3012 325 366 41 13% 8 9 17 $13.46 $27,993 Short-term on-the-job training Psychologists, All Other 19-3039 362 391 29 8% 6 11 17 $36.82 $76,583 Master's degree Psychiatrists 29-1066 310 327 17 6% 4 6 10 $115.70 $240,659 First professional degree Psychiatric Technicians 29-2053 287 305 17 6% 3 5 8 $27.87 $57,965 Postsecondary non-degree award Psychiatric Aides 31-1013 288 313 26 9% 5 4 9 $13.23 $27,521 Short-term on-the-job training Protective Service Workers, All Other 33-9099 1010 1053 43 4% 9 65 73 $13.26 $27,577 Short-term on-the-job training Prosthodontists 29-1024 4 4 0 0% 0 0 0 $79.93 $166,247 First professional degree Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers 11-9141 10315 11351 1035 10% 207 217 424 $17.14 $35,654 Work experience in a related occupation Proofreaders and Copy Markers 43-9081 146 151 6 4% 1 3 4 $17.57 $36,535 Moderate-term on-the-job training Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks 43-5061 1724 1805 81 5% 16 45 61 $23.23 $48,320 Moderate-term on-the-job training Production Workers, All Other 51-9399 891 959 67 8% 13 23 37 $15.27 $31,756 Moderate-term on-the-job training Producers and Directors 27-2012 601 668 67 11% 14 18 31 $20.60 $42,843 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Procurement Clerks 43-3061 301 320 19 6% 4 12 16 $20.86 $43,383 Moderate-term on-the-job training Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists 21-1092 2316 2465 149 6% 30 50 80 $37.57 $78,154 Bachelor's degree Private Detectives and Investigators 33-9021 361 402 41 11% 8 8 16 $20.64 $42,933 Work experience in a related occupation Printing Press Operators 51-5112 809 813 3 0% 1 16 17 $19.07 $39,662 Moderate-term on-the-job training Print Binding and Finishing Workers 51-5113 388 302 -87 -22% -17 13 -4 $14.37 $29,881 Short-term on-the-job training Pressers, Textile, Garment, and Related Materials 51-6021 418 425 7 2% 1 3 4 $11.29 $23,480 Short-term on-the-job training Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education 25-2011 3929 3927 -3 0% 0 102 102 $12.55 $26,110 Associate's degree Prepress Technicians and Workers 51-5111 160 128 -32 -21% -6 4 -3 $22.27 $46,318 Postsecondary non-degree award Precision Instrument and Equipment Repairers, All Other 49-9069 59 63 3 5% 1 2 2 $23.31 $48,485 Long-term on-the-job training Power Plant Operators 51-8013 236 251 16 7% 3 8 11 $40.54 $84,316 Long-term on-the-job training Power Distributors and Dispatchers 51-8012 89 96 7 8% 1 3 4 $41.10 $85,482 Long-term on-the-job training Pourers and Casters, Metal 51-4052 2 2 0 -50% 0 0 0 $13.18 $27,423 Moderate-term on-the-job training Postsecondary Teachers 25-1099 7555 8233 678 9% 136 121 256 $35.86 $74,593 Doctoral degree Postmasters and Mail Superintendents 11-9131 82 80 -2 -2% 0 2 1 $32.81 $68,244 Work experience in a related occupation Postal Service Mail Sorters, Processors, and Processing Machine Operators 43-5053 892 674 -218 -24% -44 5 -39 $25.53 $53,112 Short-term on-the-job training Postal Service Mail Carriers 43-5052 2195 2126 -68 -3% -14 72 58 $26.57 $55,270 Short-term on-the-job training Postal Service Clerks 43-5051 516 385 -131 -26% -26 12 -14 $25.67 $53,404 Short-term on-the-job training Political Scientists 19-3094 42 48 6 15% 1 2 3 $39.52 $82,201 Master's degree Police, Fire, and Ambulance Dispatchers 43-5031 398 430 32 8% 6 8 14 $26.66 $55,446 Moderate-term on-the-job training Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers 33-3051 6951 7150 200 3% 40 204 244 $34.74 $72,255 Moderate-term on-the-job training Podiatrists 29-1081 166 173 7 4% 1 3 5 $47.90 $99,631 First professional degree Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 47-2152 2762 2661 -102 -4% -20 80 59 $20.49 $42,629 Long-term on-the-job training Plating and Coating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4193 107 120 13 11% 3 2 5 $11.59 $24,116 Moderate-term on-the-job training Plasterers and Stucco Masons 47-2161 411 239 -172 -42% -34 9 -26 $20.01 $41,613 Long-term on-the-job training Plant and System Operators, All Other 51-8099 123 127 4 3% 1 4 5 $29.59 $61,547 Long-term on-the-job training Pipelayers 47-2151 373 377 4 1% 1 11 11 $19.28 $40,109 Short-term on-the-job training Pile-Driver Operators 47-2072 48 51 3 4% 0 1 1 $28.29 $58,841 Moderate-term on-the-job training Physicists 19-2012 228 261 33 15% 7 7 13 $47.22 $98,212 Doctoral degree Physicians and Surgeons, All Other 29-1069 2310 2491 181 8% 36 46 82 $79.31 $164,972 First professional degree Physician Assistants 29-1071 530 617 87 16% 17 10 27 $46.59 $96,903 Master's degree Physical Therapists 29-1123 1168 1288 120 10% 24 14 38 $40.74 $84,736 First professional degree Physical Therapist Assistants 31-2021 216 250 34 16% 7 3 10 $26.81 $55,758 Associate's degree Physical Therapist Aides 31-2022 324 351 27 8% 5 5 10 $11.87 $24,693 Moderate-term on-the-job training Physical Scientists, All Other 19-2099 261 291 30 11% 6 9 15 $47.11 $97,993 Bachelor's degree Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators 51-9151 234 230 -5 -2% -1 6 5 $12.07 $25,108 Short-term on-the-job training Photographers 27-4021 6588 6955 367 6% 73 64 137 $12.89 $26,807 Long-term on-the-job training Pharmacy Technicians 29-2052 1879 2142 263 14% 53 33 85 $19.35 $40,243 Moderate-term on-the-job training Pharmacy Aides 31-9095 421 457 36 9% 7 6 14 $11.50 $23,917 Short-term on-the-job training Pharmacists 29-1051 1668 1841 173 10% 35 42 77 $63.61 $132,302 First professional degree Petroleum Pump System Operators, Refinery Operators, and Gaugers 51-8093 130 117 -13 -10% -3 4 2 $28.70 $59,688 Long-term on-the-job training Petroleum Engineers 17-2171 79 88 9 11% 2 2 4 $51.89 $107,940 Bachelor's degree Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation 37-3012 386 398 12 3% 2 7 9 $14.43 $30,022 Moderate-term on-the-job training Pest Control Workers 37-2021 940 1047 108 12% 22 42 64 $16.75 $34,841 Moderate-term on-the-job training Personal Financial Advisors 13-2052 11997 14931 2933 24% 587 138 725 $23.51 $48,897 Bachelor's degree Personal Care and Service Workers, All Other 39-9099 1662 1753 90 5% 18 36 54 $12.19 $25,345 Short-term on-the-job training Personal Care Aides 39-9021 10161 12823 2663 26% 533 80 613 $10.59 $22,023 Short-term on-the-job training Pediatricians, General 29-1065 338 370 32 9% 6 7 13 $76.90 $159,942 First professional degree Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks 43-3051 2056 2139 83 4% 17 42 59 $20.91 $43,486 Moderate-term on-the-job training Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators 47-2071 284 278 -6 -2% -1 6 5 $27.48 $57,152 Moderate-term on-the-job training Patternmakers, Wood 51-7032 7 4 -2 -33% 0 0 0 $18.55 $38,585 Moderate-term on-the-job training Patternmakers, Metal and Plastic 51-4062 2 2 0 0% 0 0 0 $15.18 $31,580 Long-term on-the-job training Parts Salespersons 41-2022 1468 1520 52 4% 10 54 64 $16.35 $34,008 Moderate-term on-the-job training Parking Lot Attendants 53-6021 929 949 20 2% 4 28 32 $9.51 $19,785 Short-term on-the-job training Parking Enforcement Workers 33-3041 88 92 5 6% 1 2 3 $20.97 $43,626 Short-term on-the-job training Paralegals and Legal Assistants 23-2011 2063 2181 118 6% 24 29 53 $26.05 $54,192 Associate's degree Paperhangers 47-2142 74 71 -3 -4% -1 1 0 $21.49 $44,690 Moderate-term on-the-job training Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9196 151 174 23 15% 5 2 6 $14.63 $30,426 Moderate-term on-the-job training Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers 51-9123 93 108 14 15% 3 2 5 $13.11 $27,262 Moderate-term on-the-job training Painters, Transportation Equipment 51-9122 328 326 -2 -1% 0 7 7 $23.42 $48,716 Moderate-term on-the-job training Painters, Construction and Maintenance 47-2141 3654 3845 191 5% 38 80 118 $15.08 $31,368 Moderate-term on-the-job training Packers and Packagers, Hand 53-7064 5232 5368 135 3% 27 150 177 $10.52 $21,871 Short-term on-the-job training Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders 51-9111 1516 1554 38 3% 8 25 33 $11.28 $23,462 Moderate-term on-the-job training Outdoor Power Equipment and Other Small Engine Mechanics 49-3053 169 160 -9 -5% -2 4 3 $14.93 $31,064 Moderate-term on-the-job training Orthotists and Prosthetists 29-2091 71 75 4 6% 1 1 2 $30.37 $63,178 Master's degree Orthodontists 29-1023 89 88 -2 -2% 0 3 2 $121.24 $252,189 First professional degree Order Clerks 43-4151 1481 1516 34 2% 7 42 48 $15.77 $32,797 Short-term on-the-job training Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons 29-1022 74 72 -1 -1% 0 2 2 $123.27 $256,409 First professional degree Optometrists 29-1041 499 526 28 6% 5 18 23 $41.64 $86,611 First professional degree Opticians, Dispensing 29-2081 525 584 59 11% 12 10 22 $17.04 $35,444 Long-term on-the-job training Ophthalmic Laboratory Technicians 51-9083 121 138 17 14% 3 4 7 $16.09 $33,470 Moderate-term on-the-job training Operations Research Analysts 15-2031 1419 1461 42 3% 8 45 54 $34.10 $70,919 Bachelor's degree Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators 47-2073 2142 2171 30 1% 6 50 56 $29.75 $61,874 Moderate-term on-the-job training Office Machine Operators, Except Computer 43-9071 480 445 -36 -8% -7 14 6 $16.25 $33,800 Short-term on-the-job training Office Clerks, General 43-9061 32125 33532 1407 4% 281 568 850 $16.21 $33,710 Short-term on-the-job training Office and Administrative Support Workers, All Other 43-9799 5314 5502 188 4% 38 112 150 $11.84 $24,626 Short-term on-the-job training Occupational Therapy Assistants 31-2011 86 102 16 19% 3 1 4 $25.95 $53,972 Associate's degree Occupational Therapy Aides 31-2012 14 19 5 29% 1 0 1 $14.11 $29,353 Short-term on-the-job training Occupational Therapists 29-1122 629 696 67 11% 13 12 25 $38.91 $80,929 Master's degree Occupational Health and Safety Technicians 29-9012 34 37 3 9% 1 1 2 $27.07 $56,314 Moderate-term on-the-job training Occupational Health and Safety Specialists 29-9011 930 960 29 3% 6 33 39 $41.19 $85,670 Bachelor's degree Obstetricians and Gynecologists 29-1064 209 228 19 9% 4 4 8 $95.18 $197,978 First professional degree Nursing Aides, Orderlies, and Attendants 31-1012 8017 9241 1224 15% 245 103 348 $14.92 $31,032 Postsecondary non-degree award Nuclear Technicians 19-4051 35 43 8 20% 2 1 3 $47.89 $99,606 Associate's degree Nuclear Power Reactor Operators 51-8011 22 28 6 27% 1 1 2 $53.42 $111,108 Long-term on-the-job training Nuclear Medicine Technologists 29-2033 101 108 7 7% 1 2 3 $51.70 $107,543 Associate's degree Nuclear Engineers 17-2161 167 189 22 14% 4 4 8 $48.82 $101,545 Bachelor's degree Nonfarm Animal Caretakers 39-2021 4935 5164 229 5% 46 109 155 $11.57 $24,058 Short-term on-the-job training New Accounts Clerks 43-4141 286 282 -4 -1% -1 8 7 $19.39 $40,340 Short-term on-the-job training Network and Computer Systems Administrators 15-1142 2073 2305 232 11% 46 35 81 $36.85 $76,652 Bachelor's degree Natural Sciences Managers 11-9121 495 546 51 11% 10 30 40 $52.05 $108,270 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Musicians and Singers 27-2042 2996 3351 355 12% 71 73 144 $13.91 $28,934 Long-term on-the-job training Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners 49-9063 189 162 -28 -15% -6 5 0 $11.76 $24,468 Postsecondary non-degree award Music Directors and Composers 27-2041 455 494 39 9% 8 11 19 $17.67 $36,759 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Museum Technicians and Conservators 25-4013 44 47 3 5% 1 1 2 $19.87 $41,323 Bachelor's degree Multiple Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4081 195 205 10 6% 2 4 6 $21.17 $44,029 Moderate-term on-the-job training Multimedia Artists and Animators 27-1014 883 958 75 9% 15 21 36 $12.01 $24,988 Bachelor's degree Motorcycle Mechanics 49-3052 125 117 -8 -6% -2 3 2 $15.26 $31,745 Long-term on-the-job training Motorboat Operators 53-5022 69 66 -2 -3% 0 2 2 $23.52 $48,912 Short-term on-the-job training Motorboat Mechanics and Service Technicians 49-3051 229 212 -18 -8% -4 6 2 $14.41 $29,964 Long-term on-the-job training Motor Vehicle Operators, All Other 53-3099 356 373 17 5% 3 7 10 $19.84 $41,266 Short-term on-the-job training Motion Picture Projectionists 39-3021 49 47 -2 -6% 0 2 2 $11.79 $24,532 Short-term on-the-job training Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4072 125 134 8 6% 2 2 4 $13.53 $28,143 Moderate-term on-the-job training Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic 51-9195 257 277 19 7% 4 9 13 $14.87 $30,923 Long-term on-the-job training Models 41-9012 98 113 15 14% 3 3 6 $13.03 $27,108 Short-term on-the-job training Model Makers, Wood 51-7031 11 9 -3 -27% -1 0 0 $15.90 $33,080 Moderate-term on-the-job training Model Makers, Metal and Plastic 51-4061 8 8 0 14% 0 0 0 $22.55 $46,909 Long-term on-the-job training Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines 49-3042 918 984 66 7% 13 24 37 $24.44 $50,830 Long-term on-the-job training Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9023 427 432 5 1% 1 13 14 $13.80 $28,710 Moderate-term on-the-job training Mining Machine Operators, All Other 47-5049 2 1 -1 -100% 0 0 0 $24.33 $50,601 Moderate-term on-the-job training Mining and Geological Engineers, Including Mining Safety Engineers 17-2151 194 195 2 1% 0 4 5 $57.56 $119,734 Bachelor's degree Mine Cutting and Channeling Machine Operators 47-5042 3 1 -1 -50% 0 0 0 $22.87 $47,571 Moderate-term on-the-job training Millwrights 49-9044 53 56 3 4% 1 1 2 $25.82 $53,708 Long-term on-the-job training Milling and Planing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4035 156 152 -4 -3% -1 3 2 $17.84 $37,111 Moderate-term on-the-job training Military occupations 55-9999 7896 7480 -415 -5% -83 0 -83 $16.02 $33,317 N/A Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education 25-2022 3910 4183 273 7% 55 86 141 $30.21 $62,840 Bachelor's degree Microbiologists 19-1022 240 268 28 12% 6 5 11 $35.65 $74,149 Bachelor's degree Meter Readers, Utilities 43-5041 349 383 34 10% 7 11 17 $21.87 $45,496 Short-term on-the-job training Metal-Refining Furnace Operators and Tenders 51-4051 8 9 1 14% 0 0 0 $14.86 $30,900 Moderate-term on-the-job training Metal Workers and Plastic Workers, All Other 51-4199 46 47 0 0% 0 0 1 $15.33 $31,884 Moderate-term on-the-job training Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers 27-1026 462 492 31 7% 6 14 20 $13.88 $28,873 Moderate-term on-the-job training Mental Health Counselors 21-1014 953 1070 117 12% 23 20 44 $22.91 $47,660 Master's degree Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers 21-1023 857 941 84 10% 17 20 37 $19.05 $39,614 Master's degree Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners 13-1121 898 1032 134 15% 27 17 44 $24.90 $51,788 Bachelor's degree Medical Transcriptionists 31-9094 707 718 11 2% 2 11 13 $16.17 $33,630 Postsecondary non-degree award Medical Secretaries 43-6013 5857 6688 831 14% 166 78 245 $18.25 $37,962 Moderate-term on-the-job training Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists 19-1042 1468 1786 318 22% 64 9 73 $42.74 $88,908 Doctoral degree Medical Records and Health Information Technicians 29-2071 853 970 118 14% 24 17 41 $19.81 $41,198 Postsecondary non-degree award Medical Equipment Repairers 49-9062 370 429 59 16% 12 10 22 $25.21 $52,445 Associate's degree Medical Equipment Preparers 31-9093 405 447 42 10% 8 6 15 $19.99 $41,580 Moderate-term on-the-job training Medical Assistants 31-9092 4921 5546 625 13% 125 75 201 $14.80 $30,782 Moderate-term on-the-job training Medical Appliance Technicians 51-9082 61 67 5 8% 1 2 3 $19.14 $39,815 Long-term on-the-job training Medical and Health Services Managers 11-9111 2288 2535 246 11% 49 56 105 $50.94 $105,955 Bachelor's degree Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists 29-2011 782 848 65 8% 13 15 28 $39.54 $82,252 Bachelor's degree Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians 29-2012 1077 1201 124 12% 25 21 46 $22.62 $47,055 Associate's degree Media and Communication Workers, All Other 27-3099 344 361 17 5% 3 9 13 $19.68 $40,926 Short-term on-the-job training Media and Communication Equipment Workers, All Other 27-4099 80 84 4 4% 1 1 2 $32.16 $66,898 Moderate-term on-the-job training Mechanical Engineers 17-2141 962 1095 134 14% 27 31 58 $40.58 $84,403 Bachelor's degree Mechanical Engineering Technicians 17-3027 288 313 25 9% 5 5 11 $32.52 $67,634 Associate's degree Mechanical Drafters 17-3013 262 284 22 8% 4 5 10 $24.55 $51,058 Associate's degree Mechanical Door Repairers 49-9011 71 74 2 3% 0 1 2 $18.68 $38,855 Moderate-term on-the-job training Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers 51-3022 219 246 27 12% 5 6 12 $11.65 $24,226 Short-term on-the-job training Mathematicians 15-2021 71 81 10 14% 2 4 6 $61.56 $128,039 Doctoral degree Mathematical Technicians 15-2091 16 16 0 0% 0 1 1 $24.22 $50,375 Bachelor's degree Mathematical Science Occupations, All Other 15-2099 8 7 -1 -13% 0 0 0 $25.80 $53,664 Bachelor's degree Materials Scientists 19-2032 57 70 14 25% 3 2 5 $38.31 $79,690 Bachelor's degree Materials Engineers 17-2131 121 137 16 14% 3 3 7 $48.07 $99,979 Bachelor's degree Material Moving Workers, All Other 53-7199 201 206 5 3% 1 2 3 $21.85 $45,452 Short-term on-the-job training Massage Therapists 31-9011 1951 2186 235 12% 47 32 79 $12.44 $25,876 Postsecondary non-degree award Marriage and Family Therapists 21-1013 572 660 87 15% 17 12 30 $15.90 $33,079 Master's degree Marketing Managers 11-2021 1439 1600 161 11% 32 42 74 $40.27 $83,767 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists 13-1161 3191 3754 563 18% 113 85 198 $29.64 $61,661 Bachelor's degree Marine Engineers and Naval Architects 17-2121 30 33 3 10% 1 1 1 $41.88 $87,101 Bachelor's degree Manufactured Building and Mobile Home Installers 49-9095 6 7 0 0% 0 0 0 $17.35 $36,086 Moderate-term on-the-job training Manicurists and Pedicurists 39-5092 1588 1823 235 15% 47 29 76 $8.35 $17,358 Postsecondary non-degree award Managers, All Other 11-9199 11209 11977 768 7% 154 249 403 $26.03 $54,132 Work experience in a related occupation Management Analysts 13-1111 10431 11757 1326 13% 265 170 435 $29.93 $62,254 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Makeup Artists, Theatrical and Performance 39-5091 142 155 13 9% 3 2 5 $21.82 $45,379 Postsecondary non-degree award Maintenance Workers, Machinery 49-9043 258 273 15 5% 3 5 8 $22.08 $45,931 Moderate-term on-the-job training Maintenance and Repair Workers, General 49-9071 7537 7958 421 6% 84 139 223 $19.42 $40,394 Moderate-term on-the-job training Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service 43-9051 797 810 13 2% 3 15 18 $15.21 $31,642 Short-term on-the-job training Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners 37-2012 19728 22478 2750 14% 550 332 882 $10.52 $21,872 Short-term on-the-job training Machinists 51-4041 1011 1106 94 9% 19 19 37 $20.54 $42,731 Long-term on-the-job training Machine Feeders and Offbearers 53-7063 150 150 0 0% 0 2 2 $10.24 $21,294 Short-term on-the-job training Logisticians 13-1081 542 647 105 19% 21 10 31 $36.23 $75,348 Bachelor's degree Logging Workers, All Other 45-4029 16 13 -3 -20% -1 0 0 $12.83 $26,678 Moderate-term on-the-job training Logging Equipment Operators 45-4022 140 115 -25 -18% -5 3 -2 $13.99 $29,108 Moderate-term on-the-job training Log Graders and Scalers 45-4023 10 11 0 0% 0 0 0 $16.98 $35,314 Moderate-term on-the-job training Lodging Managers 11-9081 713 669 -44 -6% -9 19 11 $14.67 $30,523 Work experience in a related occupation Locomotive Firers 53-4012 12 12 0 0% 0 0 0 $21.39 $44,494 Short-term on-the-job training Locomotive Engineers 53-4011 272 298 26 9% 5 10 15 $22.31 $46,399 Moderate-term on-the-job training Locksmiths and Safe Repairers 49-9094 252 265 14 6% 3 5 7 $18.87 $39,249 Long-term on-the-job training Locker Room, Coatroom, and Dressing Room Attendants 39-3093 136 150 14 10% 3 8 11 $10.06 $20,919 Short-term on-the-job training Loan Officers 13-2072 2700 2792 92 3% 18 69 88 $29.60 $61,574 Moderate-term on-the-job training Loan Interviewers and Clerks 43-4131 1409 1405 -4 0% -1 26 25 $18.03 $37,497 Short-term on-the-job training Loading Machine Operators, Underground Mining 53-7033 3 3 0 0% 0 0 0 $21.09 $43,872 Short-term on-the-job training Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers 53-3033 6298 6471 173 3% 35 125 160 $15.03 $31,269 Short-term on-the-job training Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers 33-9092 587 616 29 5% 6 38 43 $11.19 $23,280 Short-term on-the-job training Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians, All Other 19-4099 589 646 57 10% 11 25 36 $21.48 $44,674 Associate's degree Life Scientists, All Other 19-1099 84 90 6 7% 1 1 2 $42.25 $87,883 Bachelor's degree Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses 29-2061 4277 4831 555 13% 111 114 225 $26.11 $54,308 Postsecondary non-degree award Library Technicians 25-4031 723 751 28 4% 6 31 36 $18.18 $37,822 Postsecondary non-degree award Library Assistants, Clerical 43-4121 892 940 48 5% 10 40 50 $14.55 $30,259 Short-term on-the-job training Librarians 25-4021 770 792 22 3% 4 20 24 $34.22 $71,174 Master's degree Legislators 11-1031 266 266 0 0% 0 6 6 $28.58 $59,444 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Legal Support Workers, All Other 23-2099 697 715 19 3% 4 11 14 $31.73 $66,002 Short-term on-the-job training Legal Secretaries 43-6012 1974 1939 -35 -2% -7 27 20 $20.35 $42,327 Postsecondary non-degree award Layout Workers, Metal and Plastic 51-4192 2 2 -1 -50% 0 0 0 $24.04 $49,997 Moderate-term on-the-job training Lawyers 23-1011 8513 8774 261 3% 52 162 214 $48.22 $100,299 First professional degree Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers 51-6011 1452 1566 114 8% 23 27 50 $11.20 $23,304 Short-term on-the-job training Lathe and Turning Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4034 119 123 4 3% 1 4 5 $16.39 $34,101 Moderate-term on-the-job training Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers 37-3011 10103 10844 741 7% 148 179 327 $11.61 $24,152 Short-term on-the-job training Landscape Architects 17-1012 300 302 2 1% 0 6 7 $32.15 $66,868 Bachelor's degree Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand 53-7062 14236 14834 597 4% 119 455 575 $13.14 $27,328 Short-term on-the-job training Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education 25-2012 1464 1567 103 7% 21 38 59 $27.25 $56,674 Bachelor's degree Judicial Law Clerks 23-1012 160 160 0 0% 0 2 2 $28.57 $59,427 First professional degree Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates 23-1023 160 162 2 1% 0 3 3 $81.96 $170,479 First professional degree Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers 51-9071 475 516 40 8% 8 11 19 $14.57 $30,306 Postsecondary non-degree award Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners 37-2011 19816 21604 1787 9% 357 374 731 $12.28 $25,533 Short-term on-the-job training Interviewers, Except Eligibility and Loan 43-4111 2420 2595 174 7% 35 48 83 $18.85 $39,206 Short-term on-the-job training Interpreters and Translators 27-3091 2573 2787 214 8% 43 69 111 $18.83 $39,164 Bachelor's degree Internists, General 29-1063 444 483 40 9% 8 9 17 $98.24 $204,335 First professional degree Interior Designers 27-1025 892 924 32 4% 6 28 34 $17.75 $36,928 Bachelor's degree Insurance Underwriters 13-2053 1069 1023 -45 -4% -9 35 26 $29.97 $62,344 Bachelor's degree Insurance Sales Agents 41-3021 7643 8639 996 13% 199 175 374 $23.14 $48,137 Moderate-term on-the-job training Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks 43-9041 2573 2566 -7 0% -2 77 76 $17.85 $37,137 Moderate-term on-the-job training Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage 13-1032 63 60 -3 -6% -1 2 1 $29.89 $62,172 Postsecondary non-degree award Insulation Workers, Mechanical 47-2132 119 115 -4 -4% -1 5 4 $16.95 $35,258 Moderate-term on-the-job training Insulation Workers, Floor, Ceiling, and Wall 47-2131 109 84 -25 -24% -5 4 -1 $17.18 $35,727 Short-term on-the-job training Instructional Coordinators 25-9031 1692 1830 139 8% 28 37 65 $37.01 $76,986 Master's degree Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other 49-9799 1977 2062 85 4% 17 36 53 $15.91 $33,087 Moderate-term on-the-job training Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers 51-9061 1766 1927 161 9% 32 38 71 $16.64 $34,606 Moderate-term on-the-job training Information Security Analysts, Web Developers, and Computer Network Architects 15-1179 2490 2677 187 8% 37 37 74 $33.10 $68,858 Bachelor's degree Information and Record Clerks, All Other 43-4199 1804 1845 42 2% 8 51 59 $19.15 $39,836 Short-term on-the-job training Industrial-Organizational Psychologists 19-3032 53 60 7 13% 1 2 3 $53.81 $111,915 Master's degree Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators 53-7051 3517 3522 5 0% 1 100 101 $16.87 $35,090 Short-term on-the-job training Industrial Production Managers 11-3051 591 620 28 5% 6 14 20 $40.72 $84,704 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Industrial Machinery Mechanics 49-9041 1194 1311 117 10% 23 23 46 $24.24 $50,413 Long-term on-the-job training Industrial Engineers 17-2112 502 584 81 16% 16 11 27 $43.55 $90,590 Bachelor's degree Industrial Engineering Technicians 17-3026 205 224 19 9% 4 4 8 $24.48 $50,925 Associate's degree Hydrologists 19-2043 185 197 12 7% 2 6 8 $45.70 $95,056 Master's degree Hunters and Trappers 45-3021 16 15 -2 -13% 0 0 0 $15.39 $32,002 Short-term on-the-job training Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists, All Other 13-1078 3523 3808 285 8% 57 60 116 $29.06 $60,452 Bachelor's degree Human Resources Managers 11-3121 661 707 46 7% 9 16 25 $42.01 $87,381 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping 43-4161 1770 1845 75 4% 15 50 65 $21.54 $44,808 Short-term on-the-job training Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks 43-4081 1109 1254 145 13% 29 44 73 $10.44 $21,725 Short-term on-the-job training Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop 35-9031 2252 2439 187 8% 37 158 196 $9.15 $19,038 Short-term on-the-job training Home Health Aides 31-1011 4586 5903 1317 29% 263 59 323 $10.65 $22,143 Short-term on-the-job training Home Appliance Repairers 49-9031 495 447 -48 -10% -10 9 0 $16.64 $34,603 Moderate-term on-the-job training Hoist and Winch Operators 53-7041 3 3 0 0% 0 0 0 $18.56 $38,613 Moderate-term on-the-job training Historians 19-3093 87 88 1 1% 0 4 4 $29.21 $60,751 Master's degree Highway Maintenance Workers 47-4051 474 493 20 4% 4 12 16 $22.73 $47,281 Moderate-term on-the-job training Helpers--Roofers 47-3016 91 91 0 0% 0 2 2 $16.95 $35,262 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Production Workers 51-9198 1742 1765 23 1% 5 29 33 $10.85 $22,569 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 47-3015 230 227 -3 -1% -1 6 6 $19.59 $40,745 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Painters, Paperhangers, Plasterers, and Stucco Masons 47-3014 85 87 3 4% 1 2 3 $13.11 $27,278 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers 49-9098 596 620 24 4% 5 27 32 $11.86 $24,673 Moderate-term on-the-job training Helpers--Extraction Workers 47-5081 104 160 56 54% 11 2 13 $25.47 $52,982 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Electricians 47-3013 250 234 -15 -6% -3 7 4 $15.51 $32,251 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Carpenters 47-3012 295 299 5 2% 1 8 9 $13.75 $28,594 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters 47-3011 180 148 -32 -18% -6 5 -2 $17.29 $35,958 Short-term on-the-job training Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other 47-3019 148 143 -5 -3% -1 4 3 $11.86 $24,671 Short-term on-the-job training Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers 53-3032 16138 18081 1943 12% 389 321 710 $18.42 $38,318 Short-term on-the-job training Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers 49-9021 2212 2170 -42 -2% -8 39 31 $19.90 $41,386 Postsecondary non-degree award Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4191 5 6 1 25% 0 0 1 $14.77 $30,725 Moderate-term on-the-job training Healthcare Support Workers, All Other 31-9799 1443 1553 110 8% 22 22 44 $17.32 $36,025 Short-term on-the-job training Healthcare Social Workers 21-1022 1045 1182 137 13% 27 25 52 $27.23 $56,634 Master's degree Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Workers, All Other 29-9799 889 942 53 6% 11 31 42 $31.93 $66,407 Bachelor's degree Health Technologists and Technicians, All Other 29-2799 1132 1380 248 22% 50 23 72 $22.64 $47,092 Postsecondary non-degree award Health Educators 21-1091 738 837 99 13% 20 16 36 $33.30 $69,261 Bachelor's degree Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners, All Other 29-1199 532 575 43 8% 9 10 19 $27.76 $57,745 Master's degree Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors 17-2111 257 270 13 5% 3 6 8 $48.78 $101,460 Bachelor's degree Hazardous Materials Removal Workers 47-4041 209 231 22 11% 4 6 10 $17.26 $35,897 Moderate-term on-the-job training Hairdressers, Hairstylists, and Cosmetologists 39-5012 6595 7610 1014 15% 203 126 329 $10.42 $21,682 Postsecondary non-degree award Grounds Maintenance Workers, All Other 37-3019 95 102 7 7% 1 2 3 $16.07 $33,423 Short-term on-the-job training Grinding, Lapping, Polishing, and Buffing Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4033 126 130 4 3% 1 2 3 $13.40 $27,866 Moderate-term on-the-job training Grinding and Polishing Workers, Hand 51-9022 123 115 -8 -7% -2 4 2 $12.30 $25,587 Moderate-term on-the-job training Graphic Designers 27-1024 2426 2582 155 6% 31 75 106 $18.43 $38,325 Bachelor's degree Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products 45-2041 409 417 8 2% 2 10 12 $8.97 $18,662 Short-term on-the-job training Glaziers 47-2121 346 305 -40 -12% -8 13 5 $26.25 $54,598 Long-term on-the-job training Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers 19-2042 975 982 6 1% 1 29 30 $40.05 $83,312 Bachelor's degree Geological and Petroleum Technicians 19-4041 64 71 6 9% 1 2 3 $33.80 $70,301 Associate's degree Geographers 19-3092 1 1 0 0% 0 0 0 $28.56 $59,403 Master's degree General and Operations Managers 11-1021 13156 13247 91 1% 18 245 263 $47.66 $99,134 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Gas Plant Operators 51-8092 43 45 2 5% 0 1 2 $25.89 $53,845 Long-term on-the-job training Gas Compressor and Gas Pumping Station Operators 53-7071 68 65 -4 -6% -1 2 1 $29.06 $60,442 Moderate-term on-the-job training Gaming Surveillance Officers and Gaming Investigators 33-9031 58 63 5 9% 1 1 2 $16.14 $33,573 Short-term on-the-job training Gaming Supervisors 39-1011 177 201 25 14% 5 3 8 $15.71 $32,667 Work experience in a related occupation Gaming Service Workers, All Other 39-3019 139 154 15 12% 3 6 9 $10.24 $21,294 Moderate-term on-the-job training Gaming Managers 11-9071 45 49 4 9% 1 1 2 $31.96 $66,475 Work experience in a related occupation Gaming Dealers 39-3011 1248 1393 145 12% 29 53 83 $9.38 $19,520 Moderate-term on-the-job training Gaming Change Persons and Booth Cashiers 41-2012 151 151 0 0% 0 7 7 $10.55 $21,941 Short-term on-the-job training Gaming Cage Workers 43-3041 164 158 -6 -4% -1 3 2 $12.16 $25,288 Short-term on-the-job training Gaming and Sports Book Writers and Runners 39-3012 77 90 14 18% 3 3 6 $16.39 $34,095 Short-term on-the-job training Furniture Finishers 51-7021 192 142 -49 -26% -10 5 -5 $12.77 $26,552 Short-term on-the-job training Furnace, Kiln, Oven, Drier, and Kettle Operators and Tenders 51-9051 27 23 -4 -15% -1 1 0 $20.30 $42,228 Moderate-term on-the-job training Funeral Service Managers, Directors, Morticians, and Undertakers 39-4831 292 317 25 9% 5 5 10 $26.19 $54,478 Associate's degree Funeral Attendants 39-4021 135 139 5 4% 1 6 7 $12.87 $26,775 Short-term on-the-job training Foundry Mold and Coremakers 51-4071 1 1 0 0% 0 0 0 $13.60 $28,298 Moderate-term on-the-job training Forging Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4022 20 23 3 15% 1 0 1 $14.56 $30,288 Moderate-term on-the-job training Foresters 19-1032 181 187 6 3% 1 2 3 $26.72 $55,575 Bachelor's degree Forest Fire Inspectors and Prevention Specialists 33-2022 48 47 -1 -2% 0 1 1 $17.97 $37,381 Work experience in a related occupation Forest and Conservation Workers 45-4011 429 437 7 2% 1 11 12 $10.21 $21,245 Moderate-term on-the-job training Forest and Conservation Technicians 19-4093 353 355 3 1% 1 15 15 $18.08 $37,604 Associate's degree Forensic Science Technicians 19-4092 361 384 23 6% 5 15 20 $31.84 $66,230 Bachelor's degree Food Service Managers 11-9051 3636 3559 -78 -2% -16 67 51 $14.63 $30,438 Work experience in a related occupation Food Servers, Nonrestaurant 35-3041 1186 1379 194 16% 39 34 72 $11.03 $22,946 Short-term on-the-job training Food Scientists and Technologists 19-1012 161 161 1 1% 0 7 7 $32.09 $66,749 Bachelor's degree Food Preparation Workers 35-2021 6439 7025 586 9% 117 232 349 $9.50 $19,767 Short-term on-the-job training Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other 35-9099 252 252 0 0% 0 12 12 $9.63 $20,024 Short-term on-the-job training Food Cooking Machine Operators and Tenders 51-3093 108 114 6 6% 1 3 4 $13.78 $28,653 Short-term on-the-job training Food Batchmakers 51-3092 594 571 -23 -4% -5 17 12 $12.04 $25,040 Short-term on-the-job training Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders 51-3091 143 137 -6 -4% -1 4 3 $12.51 $26,027 Moderate-term on-the-job training Floral Designers 27-1023 429 465 36 8% 7 13 20 $9.09 $18,907 Short-term on-the-job training Floor Sanders and Finishers 47-2043 104 100 -4 -4% -1 2 1 $13.21 $27,486 Moderate-term on-the-job training Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles 47-2042 232 220 -12 -5% -2 5 3 $18.29 $38,045 Moderate-term on-the-job training Flight Attendants 53-2031 17 20 3 19% 1 0 1 $20.20 $42,012 Moderate-term on-the-job training Fitness Trainers and Aerobics Instructors 39-9031 2710 2975 265 10% 53 43 96 $17.83 $37,079 Postsecondary non-degree award Fishers and Related Fishing Workers 45-3011 236 222 -14 -6% -3 7 4 $11.30 $23,501 Moderate-term on-the-job training Fish and Game Wardens 33-3031 17 17 0 -6% 0 0 0 $35.57 $73,984 Associate's degree First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators 53-1031 1303 1366 64 5% 13 27 40 $26.51 $55,133 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers 41-1011 15179 15745 566 4% 113 354 467 $15.26 $31,744 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Protective Service Workers, All Other 33-1099 329 348 20 6% 4 11 15 $20.56 $42,774 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers 51-1011 2060 2046 -15 -1% -3 27 24 $25.77 $53,611 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives 33-1012 326 332 6 2% 1 11 12 $49.29 $102,526 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers 39-1021 1935 2067 133 7% 27 47 73 $13.84 $28,796 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers 43-1011 15656 16259 603 4% 121 419 539 $28.79 $59,881 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers 41-1012 5977 6270 293 5% 59 150 209 $16.90 $35,158 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers 49-1011 2430 2566 136 6% 27 64 91 $31.16 $64,805 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers 37-1012 1360 1463 103 8% 21 20 40 $19.04 $39,611 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers 37-1011 2419 2562 143 6% 29 33 62 $15.59 $32,428 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand 53-1021 1131 1234 103 9% 21 23 44 $21.61 $44,950 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers 35-1012 6468 7078 609 9% 122 137 259 $12.96 $26,962 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Fire Fighting and Prevention Workers 33-1021 126 134 8 6% 2 6 7 $48.58 $101,043 Postsecondary non-degree award First-Line Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers 45-1011 513 510 -3 -1% -1 15 14 $25.80 $53,671 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Correctional Officers 33-1011 311 313 2 1% 0 11 11 $45.27 $94,167 Work experience in a related occupation First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers 47-1011 4952 4883 -69 -1% -14 114 100 $28.20 $58,650 Work experience in a related occupation Firefighters 33-2011 2154 2252 98 5% 20 59 79 $28.03 $58,311 Postsecondary non-degree award Fire Inspectors and Investigators 33-2021 122 125 3 3% 1 3 4 $22.97 $47,772 Work experience in a related occupation Fine Artists, Including Painters, Sculptors, and Illustrators 27-1013 601 673 72 12% 14 14 29 $9.13 $18,981 Long-term on-the-job training Financial Specialists, All Other 13-2099 2768 2855 87 3% 17 59 76 $30.06 $62,528 Bachelor's degree Financial Managers 11-3031 5736 6159 423 7% 85 105 190 $38.55 $80,180 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Financial Examiners 13-2061 248 267 19 7% 4 5 9 $33.94 $70,590 Bachelor's degree Financial Analysts 13-2051 3028 3397 368 12% 74 64 138 $28.72 $59,744 Bachelor's degree Film and Video Editors 27-4032 130 147 17 13% 3 2 6 $26.36 $54,822 Bachelor's degree File Clerks 43-4071 1494 1449 -44 -3% -9 39 30 $15.58 $32,411 Short-term on-the-job training Fiberglass Laminators and Fabricators 51-2091 35 30 -5 -17% -1 1 0 $13.55 $28,178 Moderate-term on-the-job training Fence Erectors 47-4031 253 245 -8 -4% -2 7 5 $13.42 $27,920 Moderate-term on-the-job training Fashion Designers 27-1022 92 74 -18 -20% -4 3 -1 $26.70 $55,540 Associate's degree Farmworkers, Farm, Ranch, and Aquacultural Animals 45-2093 600 576 -24 -4% -5 18 13 $10.69 $22,239 Short-term on-the-job training Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse 45-2092 7716 7689 -27 0% -5 235 230 $9.01 $18,739 Short-term on-the-job training Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers 11-9013 6373 6294 -79 -1% -16 124 108 $12.55 $26,106 Work experience in a related occupation Farm Labor Contractors 13-1074 34 33 0 0% 0 1 1 $19.11 $39,746 Short-term on-the-job training Farm Equipment Mechanics and Service Technicians 49-3041 234 241 7 3% 1 6 8 $19.29 $40,125 Long-term on-the-job training Farm and Home Management Advisors 25-9021 62 71 9 15% 2 1 3 $21.77 $45,277 Master's degree Family and General Practitioners 29-1062 1607 1735 128 8% 26 32 57 $76.86 $159,861 First professional degree Fallers 45-4021 21 17 -4 -20% -1 0 0 $16.67 $34,681 Moderate-term on-the-job training Fabric Menders, Except Garment 49-9093 3 2 0 0% 0 0 0 $8.52 $17,724 Long-term on-the-job training Fabric and Apparel Patternmakers 51-6092 11 11 0 0% 0 0 0 $26.07 $54,228 Moderate-term on-the-job training Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9041 133 125 -8 -5% -2 3 2 $14.47 $30,094 Moderate-term on-the-job training Extruding and Forming Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Synthetic and Glass Fibers 51-6091 28 26 -2 -7% 0 0 0 $11.58 $24,080 Moderate-term on-the-job training Extruding and Drawing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4021 74 72 -1 -1% 0 1 1 $12.97 $26,977 Moderate-term on-the-job training Extraction Workers, All Other 47-5099 25 32 7 33% 1 1 2 $20.20 $42,015 Moderate-term on-the-job training Explosives Workers, Ordnance Handling Experts, and Blasters 47-5031 10 10 0 -10% 0 0 0 $30.49 $63,423 Moderate-term on-the-job training Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants 43-6011 9251 9628 376 4% 75 124 199 $23.01 $47,854 Work experience in a related occupation Excavating and Loading Machine and Dragline Operators 53-7032 225 231 6 3% 1 7 8 $21.62 $44,967 Moderate-term on-the-job training Etchers and Engravers 51-9194 56 65 10 18% 2 0 2 $20.42 $42,483 Moderate-term on-the-job training Epidemiologists 19-1041 129 138 9 7% 2 1 3 $44.56 $92,681 Master's degree Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health 19-2041 2041 2120 80 4% 16 60 76 $36.40 $75,703 Bachelor's degree Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health 19-4091 344 373 29 8% 6 15 20 $25.22 $52,456 Associate's degree Environmental Engineers 17-2081 531 577 46 9% 9 12 21 $39.87 $82,922 Bachelor's degree Environmental Engineering Technicians 17-3025 375 400 25 7% 5 7 12 $45.88 $95,430 Associate's degree Entertainment Attendants and Related Workers, All Other 39-3099 126 145 19 15% 4 7 11 $16.13 $33,558 Short-term on-the-job training Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers, All Other 27-2099 722 778 56 8% 11 19 30 $13.83 $28,775 Long-term on-the-job training Engineers, All Other 17-2199 1664 1726 63 4% 13 37 49 $46.08 $95,849 Bachelor's degree Engineering Technicians, Except Drafters, All Other 17-3029 400 430 30 8% 6 8 14 $28.75 $59,804 Associate's degree Engine and Other Machine Assemblers 51-2031 32 39 6 19% 1 1 2 $17.12 $35,610 Short-term on-the-job training Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics 29-2041 951 1253 302 32% 60 19 79 $19.60 $40,765 Postsecondary non-degree award Emergency Management Directors 11-9161 97 100 4 4% 1 2 3 $32.53 $67,664 Bachelor's degree Embalmers 39-4011 32 34 1 3% 0 2 2 $25.22 $52,455 Postsecondary non-degree award Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs 43-4061 2476 2502 25 1% 5 66 71 $19.71 $41,002 Moderate-term on-the-job training Elevator Installers and Repairers 47-4021 79 86 8 10% 2 2 4 $52.23 $108,646 Long-term on-the-job training Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education 25-2021 9802 10497 696 7% 139 215 355 $31.88 $66,318 Bachelor's degree Electronics Engineers, Except Computer 17-2072 1281 1337 56 4% 11 31 42 $46.80 $97,339 Bachelor's degree Electronic Home Entertainment Equipment Installers and Repairers 49-2097 207 216 9 4% 2 5 7 $13.96 $29,038 Postsecondary non-degree award Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles 49-2096 70 70 0 0% 0 2 2 $13.70 $28,488 Postsecondary non-degree award Electromechanical Equipment Assemblers 51-2023 182 234 51 28% 10 3 13 $14.76 $30,709 Short-term on-the-job training Electro-Mechanical Technicians 17-3024 283 288 6 2% 1 5 6 $28.56 $59,414 Associate's degree Electricians 47-2111 3424 3312 -113 -3% -22 92 70 $24.65 $51,264 Long-term on-the-job training Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers 49-9051 329 391 62 19% 12 12 24 $41.48 $86,282 Long-term on-the-job training Electrical Engineers 17-2071 924 1040 116 13% 23 22 45 $48.85 $101,614 Bachelor's degree Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay 49-2095 38 43 5 14% 1 1 2 $29.12 $60,580 Postsecondary non-degree award Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment 49-2094 397 396 -1 0% 0 10 10 $30.84 $64,156 Postsecondary non-degree award Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment 49-2093 88 91 2 2% 1 2 3 $21.40 $44,515 Postsecondary non-degree award Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technicians 17-3023 799 841 42 5% 8 15 24 $30.34 $63,114 Associate's degree Electrical and Electronics Drafters 17-3012 163 169 6 4% 1 3 4 $23.63 $49,159 Associate's degree Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers 51-2022 1055 1105 50 5% 10 15 25 $13.36 $27,787 Short-term on-the-job training Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers 49-2092 91 89 -2 -2% 0 1 0 $22.36 $46,511 Postsecondary non-degree award Educational, Guidance, School, and Vocational Counselors 21-1012 1981 2092 111 6% 22 42 65 $30.22 $62,850 Master's degree Education, Training, and Library Workers, All Other 25-9099 2079 2174 95 5% 19 46 65 $15.24 $31,709 Bachelor's degree Education Administrators, Preschool and Childcare Center/Program 11-9031 789 779 -9 -1% -2 22 20 $18.25 $37,965 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Education Administrators, Postsecondary 11-9033 516 582 66 13% 13 15 28 $42.56 $88,528 Master's degree Education Administrators, Elementary and Secondary School 11-9032 1429 1487 57 4% 11 40 52 $46.78 $97,310 Master's degree Education Administrators, All Other 11-9039 466 513 47 10% 9 13 22 $32.73 $68,069 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Editors 27-3041 1190 1194 4 0% 1 34 35 $20.83 $43,326 Bachelor's degree Economists 19-3011 197 202 4 2% 1 6 7 $37.48 $77,956 Master's degree Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas 47-5021 70 72 2 3% 0 2 2 $20.32 $42,270 Moderate-term on-the-job training Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers 47-2081 1257 748 -509 -41% -102 35 -67 $21.27 $44,252 Moderate-term on-the-job training Driver/Sales Workers 53-3031 2956 3164 208 7% 42 59 100 $9.60 $19,971 Short-term on-the-job training Drilling and Boring Machine Tool Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4032 21 21 0 0% 0 0 0 $14.23 $29,607 Moderate-term on-the-job training Dredge Operators 53-7031 9 10 1 13% 0 0 0 $15.90 $33,065 Short-term on-the-job training Drafters, All Other 17-3019 111 100 -11 -10% -2 2 0 $25.82 $53,711 Associate's degree Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers 41-9091 6780 5658 -1122 -17% -224 152 -73 $11.09 $23,069 Short-term on-the-job training Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance 43-5032 1253 1367 114 9% 23 24 46 $18.97 $39,464 Moderate-term on-the-job training Dishwashers 35-9021 3980 4319 339 9% 68 182 250 $8.99 $18,705 Short-term on-the-job training Directors, Religious Activities and Education 21-2021 715 758 43 6% 9 13 22 $19.46 $40,479 Bachelor's degree Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers 35-9011 3322 3535 214 6% 43 124 166 $8.99 $18,705 Short-term on-the-job training Dietitians and Nutritionists 29-1031 737 826 89 12% 18 26 44 $32.27 $67,130 Bachelor's degree Dietetic Technicians 29-2051 129 140 11 9% 2 2 5 $19.53 $40,632 Moderate-term on-the-job training Diagnostic Medical Sonographers 29-2032 332 393 62 19% 12 5 17 $42.24 $87,850 Associate's degree Detectives and Criminal Investigators 33-3021 1548 1568 20 1% 4 35 39 $35.70 $74,251 Work experience in a related occupation Desktop Publishers 43-9031 273 241 -33 -12% -7 5 -1 $21.27 $44,241 Associate's degree Designers, All Other 27-1029 78 84 5 6% 1 2 3 $18.62 $38,733 Bachelor's degree Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas 47-5011 15 18 4 29% 1 0 1 $19.57 $40,697 Short-term on-the-job training Dentists, General 29-1021 745 735 -10 -1% -2 22 20 $72.28 $150,343 First professional degree Dentists, All Other Specialists 29-1029 97 94 -2 -2% 0 3 2 $111.34 $231,577 First professional degree Dental Laboratory Technicians 51-9081 322 318 -4 -1% -1 10 9 $17.21 $35,792 Moderate-term on-the-job training Dental Hygienists 29-2021 2056 2283 227 11% 45 41 87 $45.10 $93,811 Associate's degree Dental Assistants 31-9091 3145 3429 285 9% 57 66 123 $17.77 $36,964 Postsecondary non-degree award Demonstrators and Product Promoters 41-9011 1571 1617 46 3% 9 46 55 $13.97 $29,054 Short-term on-the-job training Database Administrators 15-1141 673 768 96 14% 19 11 31 $35.30 $73,423 Bachelor's degree Data Entry Keyers 43-9021 2276 2243 -33 -1% -7 40 33 $18.37 $38,203 Moderate-term on-the-job training Dancers 27-2031 189 211 22 11% 4 7 12 $11.05 $22,976 Long-term on-the-job training Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic 51-4031 406 419 13 3% 3 3 6 $15.46 $32,163 Moderate-term on-the-job training Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9032 190 190 0 0% 0 4 4 $15.81 $32,884 Short-term on-the-job training Cutters and Trimmers, Hand 51-9031 17 15 -1 -6% 0 0 0 $13.75 $28,602 Short-term on-the-job training Customer Service Representatives 43-4051 15164 16188 1024 7% 205 431 635 $16.75 $34,842 Short-term on-the-job training Curators 25-4012 61 66 5 7% 1 2 3 $28.28 $58,815 Master's degree Crushing, Grinding, and Polishing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9021 90 85 -5 -6% -1 3 2 $15.77 $32,801 Moderate-term on-the-job training Crossing Guards 33-9091 379 381 2 1% 0 9 9 $15.96 $33,203 Short-term on-the-job training Credit Counselors 13-2071 117 126 9 8% 2 3 5 $21.19 $44,084 Bachelor's degree Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks 43-4041 89 91 2 1% 0 2 3 $19.10 $39,730 Short-term on-the-job training Credit Analysts 13-2041 218 237 18 8% 4 5 8 $27.67 $57,558 Bachelor's degree Crane and Tower Operators 53-7021 95 98 3 2% 1 3 3 $21.44 $44,605 Long-term on-the-job training Craft Artists 27-1012 431 436 5 1% 1 10 11 $5.18 $10,769 Long-term on-the-job training Court, Municipal, and License Clerks 43-4031 754 776 21 3% 4 21 25 $21.97 $45,701 Moderate-term on-the-job training Court Reporters 23-2091 425 416 -9 -2% -2 6 5 $25.87 $53,819 Postsecondary non-degree award Couriers and Messengers 43-5021 2111 1977 -134 -6% -27 52 25 $14.64 $30,446 Short-term on-the-job training Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop 35-3022 3611 3863 252 7% 50 262 312 $9.13 $18,997 Short-term on-the-job training Counter and Rental Clerks 41-2021 5020 5098 78 2% 16 114 130 $12.81 $26,653 Short-term on-the-job training Counselors, All Other 21-1019 231 245 14 6% 3 5 8 $21.04 $43,766 Master's degree Costume Attendants 39-3092 28 29 1 4% 0 2 2 $14.18 $29,497 Short-term on-the-job training Cost Estimators 13-1051 1925 1973 48 2% 10 37 46 $28.41 $59,096 Bachelor's degree Correspondence Clerks 43-4021 76 65 -10 -13% -2 2 0 $15.51 $32,251 Short-term on-the-job training Correctional Officers and Jailers 33-3012 3046 3077 31 1% 6 54 60 $35.55 $73,941 Moderate-term on-the-job training Cooling and Freezing Equipment Operators and Tenders 51-9193 62 66 4 7% 1 1 2 $14.81 $30,815 Moderate-term on-the-job training Cooks, Short Order 35-2015 747 817 70 9% 14 16 30 $11.55 $24,028 Short-term on-the-job training Cooks, Restaurant 35-2014 6223 7023 801 13% 160 133 293 $10.86 $22,598 Moderate-term on-the-job training Cooks, Private Household 35-2013 8 9 1 0% 0 0 0 $14.71 $30,600 Postsecondary non-degree award Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria 35-2012 1823 1970 147 8% 29 39 68 $13.02 $27,088 Short-term on-the-job training Cooks, Fast Food 35-2011 8388 8599 211 3% 42 179 221 $8.83 $18,370 Short-term on-the-job training Cooks, All Other 35-2019 125 130 4 3% 1 3 4 $12.45 $25,889 Moderate-term on-the-job training Conveyor Operators and Tenders 53-7011 215 207 -8 -4% -2 6 5 $13.15 $27,347 Short-term on-the-job training Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door 49-9012 192 214 22 11% 4 4 8 $21.86 $45,472 Moderate-term on-the-job training Continuous Mining Machine Operators 47-5041 4 2 -2 -75% 0 0 0 $22.37 $46,528 Moderate-term on-the-job training Construction Managers 11-9021 3407 3303 -103 -3% -21 22 1 $31.47 $65,465 Bachelor's degree Construction Laborers 47-2061 9784 9702 -82 -1% -16 78 62 $15.73 $32,727 Short-term on-the-job training Construction and Related Workers, All Other 47-4799 576 572 -4 -1% -1 19 18 $15.18 $31,578 Moderate-term on-the-job training Construction and Building Inspectors 47-4011 885 949 64 7% 13 26 39 $27.27 $56,722 Work experience in a related occupation Conservation Scientists 19-1031 390 400 10 3% 2 5 7 $32.80 $68,232 Bachelor's degree Concierges 39-6012 52 57 5 10% 1 1 2 $13.80 $28,704 Moderate-term on-the-job training Computer-Controlled Machine Tool Operators, Metal and Plastic 51-4011 217 259 42 19% 8 4 12 $16.74 $34,815 Moderate-term on-the-job training Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers 49-2011 1691 1606 -85 -5% -17 42 25 $17.38 $36,141 Postsecondary non-degree award Computer Systems Analysts 15-1121 8711 9035 324 4% 65 163 228 $36.18 $75,254 Bachelor's degree Computer Support Specialists 15-1159 4125 4399 274 7% 55 108 163 $27.40 $56,985 Associate's degree Computer Programmers 15-1131 3185 3252 68 2% 13 74 88 $35.65 $74,150 Bachelor's degree Computer Operators 43-9011 771 737 -35 -5% -7 7 1 $22.29 $46,371 Moderate-term on-the-job training Computer Occupations, All Other 15-1799 1257 1266 9 1% 2 24 25 $37.71 $78,429 Bachelor's degree Computer Numerically Controlled Machine Tool Programmers, Metal and Plastic 51-4012 84 92 9 11% 2 2 3 $30.34 $63,112 Moderate-term on-the-job training Computer Hardware Engineers 17-2061 915 872 -43 -5% -9 22 13 $53.10 $110,447 Bachelor's degree Computer and Information Systems Managers 11-3021 2974 3097 123 4% 25 45 70 $49.21 $102,361 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Computer and Information Research Scientists 15-1111 442 468 26 6% 5 8 14 $48.02 $99,884 Doctoral degree Compliance Officers 13-1041 1371 1506 135 10% 27 17 44 $31.93 $66,416 Bachelor's degree Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists 13-1141 1659 1651 -8 0% -2 28 26 $28.27 $58,798 Bachelor's degree Compensation and Benefits Managers 11-3111 177 178 1 1% 0 4 5 $46.37 $96,454 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Community and Social Service Specialists, All Other 21-1798 1201 1261 60 5% 12 26 38 $23.58 $49,043 Bachelor's degree Communications Equipment Operators, All Other 43-2099 24 23 -1 -4% 0 1 0 $20.08 $41,764 Short-term on-the-job training Commercial Pilots 53-2012 212 259 46 22% 9 8 17 $28.70 $59,686 Postsecondary non-degree award Commercial Divers 49-9092 58 58 0 0% 0 1 1 $17.38 $36,145 Postsecondary non-degree award Commercial and Industrial Designers 27-1021 217 225 8 4% 2 7 8 $21.93 $45,614 Bachelor's degree Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food 35-3021 18858 21767 2910 15% 582 526 1108 $9.07 $18,874 Short-term on-the-job training Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers 49-9091 306 275 -31 -10% -6 6 0 $13.23 $27,511 Short-term on-the-job training Coil Winders, Tapers, and Finishers 51-2021 13 14 1 8% 0 0 0 $16.57 $34,461 Short-term on-the-job training Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders 51-9121 197 203 6 3% 1 4 5 $13.99 $29,109 Moderate-term on-the-job training Coaches and Scouts 27-2022 2401 2722 321 13% 64 61 125 $13.38 $27,825 Long-term on-the-job training Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists 19-3031 2489 2666 177 7% 35 78 114 $30.16 $62,734 Doctoral degree Clergy 21-2011 1131 1181 50 4% 10 19 29 $28.23 $58,710 Master's degree Cleaning, Washing, and Metal Pickling Equipment Operators and Tenders 51-9192 46 44 -2 -2% 0 1 1 $9.59 $19,939 Moderate-term on-the-job training Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment 53-7061 2578 2794 216 8% 43 77 120 $9.62 $20,020 Short-term on-the-job training Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators 13-1031 3405 3311 -95 -3% -19 87 68 $28.79 $59,883 Long-term on-the-job training Civil Engineers 17-2051 4440 4535 95 2% 19 90 109 $47.11 $97,998 Bachelor's degree Civil Engineering Technicians 17-3022 794 812 18 2% 4 15 19 $27.78 $57,782 Associate's degree Choreographers 27-2032 112 122 10 8% 2 4 6 $19.61 $40,795 Work experience in a related occupation Chiropractors 29-1011 482 449 -34 -7% -7 10 3 $28.65 $59,590 First professional degree Childcare Workers 39-9011 19134 19946 812 4% 162 603 765 $8.54 $17,761 Short-term on-the-job training Child, Family, and School Social Workers 21-1021 2311 2414 103 4% 21 55 75 $20.53 $42,711 Bachelor's degree Chief Executives 11-1011 4374 4486 112 3% 22 114 136 $48.91 $101,742 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Chemists 19-2031 585 656 70 12% 14 19 33 $35.22 $73,247 Bachelor's degree Chemical Technicians 19-4031 330 376 46 14% 9 5 14 $23.28 $48,423 Associate's degree Chemical Plant and System Operators 51-8091 60 51 -8 -14% -2 2 0 $28.70 $59,692 Long-term on-the-job training Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders 51-9011 31 38 7 23% 1 1 2 $24.26 $50,467 Moderate-term on-the-job training Chemical Engineers 17-2041 70 90 20 29% 4 2 6 $61.66 $128,245 Bachelor's degree Chefs and Head Cooks 35-1011 993 1019 26 3% 5 18 23 $19.06 $39,648 Work experience in a related occupation Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers 47-2051 1290 1149 -140 -11% -28 20 -8 $19.73 $41,034 Moderate-term on-the-job training Cashiers 41-2011 21684 23262 1579 7% 316 984 1300 $9.98 $20,749 Short-term on-the-job training Cartographers and Photogrammetrists 17-1021 220 232 12 5% 2 5 7 $35.81 $74,494 Bachelor's degree Carpet Installers 47-2041 449 434 -15 -3% -3 10 7 $18.71 $38,913 Short-term on-the-job training Carpenters 47-2031 9305 8792 -513 -6% -103 197 95 $19.06 $39,647 Long-term on-the-job training Cargo and Freight Agents 43-5011 232 266 34 15% 7 6 13 $15.70 $32,646 Short-term on-the-job training Career/Technical Education Teachers, Secondary School 25-2032 172 166 -6 -3% -1 5 4 $32.84 $68,298 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Career/Technical Education Teachers, Middle School 25-2023 22 23 1 0% 0 0 1 $24.06 $50,054 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians 29-2031 268 302 34 12% 7 4 11 $28.67 $59,628 Associate's degree Captains, Mates, and Pilots of Water Vessels 53-5021 98 117 19 19% 4 4 7 $27.15 $56,476 Bachelor's degree Camera Operators, Television, Video, and Motion Picture 27-4031 147 163 16 12% 3 3 6 $15.30 $31,823 Bachelor's degree Camera and Photographic Equipment Repairers 49-9061 11 12 1 9% 0 0 0 $17.37 $36,119 Associate's degree Cabinetmakers and Bench Carpenters 51-7011 679 463 -216 -32% -43 17 -26 $12.61 $26,223 Moderate-term on-the-job training Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products 13-1021 49 55 6 10% 1 1 2 $25.68 $53,413 Long-term on-the-job training Butchers and Meat Cutters 51-3021 1299 1382 83 6% 17 38 54 $18.03 $37,501 Long-term on-the-job training Business Operations Specialists, All Other 13-1199 15139 15639 499 3% 100 290 390 $31.13 $64,759 Long-term on-the-job training Bus Drivers, Transit and Intercity 53-3021 1333 1391 58 4% 12 26 37 $23.58 $49,045 Moderate-term on-the-job training Bus Drivers, School or Special Client 53-3022 1604 1680 76 5% 15 31 46 $15.37 $31,964 Moderate-term on-the-job training Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists 49-3031 1542 1572 30 2% 6 34 39 $20.58 $42,804 Postsecondary non-degree award Building Cleaning Workers, All Other 37-2019 88 98 10 11% 2 2 4 $15.84 $32,950 Short-term on-the-job training Budget Analysts 13-2031 709 752 43 6% 9 15 24 $31.25 $64,992 Bachelor's degree Brokerage Clerks 43-4011 301 316 15 5% 3 8 12 $16.95 $35,249 Moderate-term on-the-job training Broadcast Technicians 27-4012 323 361 38 12% 8 9 17 $17.63 $36,670 Associate's degree Broadcast News Analysts 27-3021 40 45 5 10% 1 1 2 $29.48 $61,320 Bachelor's degree Bridge and Lock Tenders 53-6011 20 23 3 16% 1 1 1 $22.94 $47,711 Short-term on-the-job training Brickmasons and Blockmasons 47-2021 490 461 -29 -6% -6 10 4 $18.33 $38,131 Long-term on-the-job training Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks 43-3031 13776 14487 711 5% 142 152 294 $18.34 $38,155 Moderate-term on-the-job training Boilermakers 47-2011 25 28 2 8% 0 1 1 $25.87 $53,815 Long-term on-the-job training Biomedical Engineers 17-2031 104 144 41 40% 8 2 10 $39.91 $83,011 Bachelor's degree Biological Technicians 19-4021 729 820 92 13% 18 25 43 $16.02 $33,313 Bachelor's degree Biological Scientists, All Other 19-1029 485 515 30 6% 6 11 17 $36.24 $75,386 Doctoral degree Biochemists and Biophysicists 19-1021 418 522 104 25% 21 10 30 $38.08 $79,205 Doctoral degree Billing and Posting Clerks 43-3021 3698 4024 326 9% 65 64 130 $17.01 $35,379 Short-term on-the-job training Bill and Account Collectors 43-3011 3016 3125 109 4% 22 59 81 $17.94 $37,308 Moderate-term on-the-job training Bicycle Repairers 49-3091 52 61 8 15% 2 1 3 $10.61 $22,063 Moderate-term on-the-job training Bartenders 35-3011 2742 2928 185 7% 37 95 132 $9.15 $19,030 Short-term on-the-job training Barbers 39-5011 791 947 156 20% 31 14 46 $10.42 $21,675 Postsecondary non-degree award Bakers 51-3011 869 906 37 4% 7 25 32 $12.90 $26,822 Long-term on-the-job training Bailiffs 33-3011 15 16 1 14% 0 0 0 $20.80 $43,264 Moderate-term on-the-job training Baggage Porters and Bellhops 39-6011 111 125 13 12% 3 3 5 $9.82 $20,423 Short-term on-the-job training Avionics Technicians 49-2091 117 125 9 8% 2 3 5 $25.23 $52,471 Postsecondary non-degree award Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics 49-3023 5983 6203 220 4% 44 155 199 $18.84 $39,197 Postsecondary non-degree award Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers 49-3022 173 173 0 0% 0 5 4 $15.81 $32,877 Moderate-term on-the-job training Automotive Body and Related Repairers 49-3021 974 970 -4 0% -1 24 23 $17.36 $36,105 Moderate-term on-the-job training Automotive and Watercraft Service Attendants 53-6031 846 976 130 15% 26 28 54 $9.92 $20,639 Short-term on-the-job training Audiologists 29-1181 72 85 14 20% 3 0 3 $39.27 $81,675 First professional degree Audio-Visual and Multimedia Collections Specialists 25-9011 141 149 8 6% 2 3 5 $17.39 $36,181 Bachelor's degree Audio and Video Equipment Technicians 27-4011 350 365 14 4% 3 10 13 $17.49 $36,389 Postsecondary non-degree award Atmospheric and Space Scientists 19-2021 127 134 7 5% 1 1 3 $55.12 $114,643 Bachelor's degree Athletic Trainers 29-9091 61 67 6 10% 1 2 3 $21.74 $45,221 Bachelor's degree Athletes and Sports Competitors 27-2021 167 194 27 16% 5 4 10 $25.09 $52,183 Long-term on-the-job training Astronomers 19-2011 59 61 3 5% 1 2 2 $47.43 $98,662 Doctoral degree Assemblers and Fabricators, All Other 51-2099 1057 1059 2 0% 0 21 21 $13.52 $28,119 Moderate-term on-the-job training Artists and Related Workers, All Other 27-1019 351 388 37 11% 7 8 16 $10.11 $21,029 Long-term on-the-job training Art Directors 27-1011 1255 1351 96 8% 19 30 49 $15.39 $32,017 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Archivists 25-4011 46 48 2 7% 0 1 2 $24.44 $50,825 Master's degree Architectural and Engineering Managers 11-9041 1544 1627 83 5% 17 30 47 $64.66 $134,483 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Architectural and Civil Drafters 17-3011 998 954 -45 -5% -9 19 10 $25.52 $53,088 Associate's degree Architects, Except Landscape and Naval 17-1011 1458 1470 12 1% 2 30 32 $31.09 $64,664 Bachelor's degree Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators 23-1022 82 80 -3 -4% -1 2 1 $32.50 $67,604 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate 13-2021 3522 3803 281 8% 56 75 131 $18.50 $38,472 Associate's degree Anthropologists and Archeologists 19-3091 136 153 17 13% 3 6 9 $31.30 $65,107 Master's degree Animal Trainers 39-2011 1041 1109 68 7% 14 10 24 $12.43 $25,859 Moderate-term on-the-job training Animal Scientists 19-1011 31 34 3 10% 1 1 2 $29.46 $61,287 Doctoral degree Animal Control Workers 33-9011 52 56 4 8% 1 1 2 $19.98 $41,557 Moderate-term on-the-job training Animal Breeders 45-2021 28 27 -1 -4% 0 1 1 $15.57 $32,380 Work experience in a related occupation Anesthesiologists 29-1061 489 520 31 6% 6 10 16 $97.53 $202,856 First professional degree Amusement and Recreation Attendants 39-3091 2537 2705 168 7% 34 146 179 $9.49 $19,749 Short-term on-the-job training Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians 53-3011 116 151 36 31% 7 2 9 $13.86 $28,832 Moderate-term on-the-job training Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers 53-2011 70 84 13 19% 3 3 5 $47.78 $99,376 Bachelor's degree Airfield Operations Specialists 53-2022 5 6 1 50% 0 0 0 $31.95 $66,462 Long-term on-the-job training Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers 51-2011 117 145 27 23% 5 2 8 $22.74 $47,306 Moderate-term on-the-job training Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians 49-3011 378 401 23 6% 5 11 16 $27.08 $56,321 Postsecondary non-degree award Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors 53-1011 101 107 7 7% 1 2 3 $18.44 $38,358 Work experience in a related occupation Air Traffic Controllers 53-2021 374 372 -2 0% 0 14 14 $69.18 $143,896 Associate's degree Agricultural Workers, All Other 45-2099 179 176 -3 -2% -1 5 5 $13.24 $27,549 Short-term on-the-job training Agricultural Inspectors 45-2011 215 221 6 3% 1 6 8 $22.60 $47,015 Bachelor's degree Agricultural Equipment Operators 45-2091 725 725 0 0% 0 22 22 $11.58 $24,091 Short-term on-the-job training Agricultural Engineers 17-2021 23 24 1 9% 0 0 1 $38.00 $79,033 Bachelor's degree Agricultural and Food Science Technicians 19-4011 308 317 9 3% 2 10 12 $13.02 $27,090 Associate's degree Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes 13-1011 343 393 50 15% 10 7 17 $17.82 $37,075 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Aerospace Engineers 17-2011 832 942 110 13% 22 18 40 $54.95 $114,306 Bachelor's degree Aerospace Engineering and Operations Technicians 17-3021 97 102 5 5% 1 2 3 $32.97 $68,574 Associate's degree Advertising Sales Agents 41-3011 1117 1201 84 8% 17 34 51 $22.07 $45,915 Moderate-term on-the-job training Advertising and Promotions Managers 11-2011 271 290 19 7% 4 8 12 $31.23 $64,957 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Adult Basic and Secondary Education and Literacy Teachers and Instructors 25-3011 519 606 87 17% 17 8 25 $18.50 $38,489 Bachelor's degree Administrative Services Managers 11-3011 2017 2132 115 6% 23 50 73 $42.19 $87,749 Work experience in a related occupation Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers 23-1021 316 303 -13 -4% -3 6 4 $56.18 $116,860 Bachelor's or higher degree, plus work experience Adhesive Bonding Machine Operators and Tenders 51-9191 60 50 -10 -17% -2 1 -1 $12.13 $25,228 Moderate-term on-the-job training Actuaries 15-2011 93 102 9 10% 2 6 7 $41.29 $85,886 Bachelor's degree Actors 27-2011 600 667 68 11% 14 16 29 $13.44 $27,953 Long-term on-the-job training Accountants and Auditors 13-2011 12126 12885 760 6% 152 261 412 $27.72 $57,659 Bachelor's degree   Source: Economic Modeling Specialsts, Inc. EMSI (1st Quarter 2013) Annual average employment estimates are rounded to the nearest whole number. Occupation Data Organizing regional employment information by occupation provides a workforce-oriented view of the regional economy. EMSI's occupation data are based on EMSI's industry data and regional staffing patterns taken from the Occupational Employment Statistics program (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Wage information is partially derived from the American Community Survey. Educational Attainment Data EMSI's educational attainment numbers are based on Census 1990, Census 2000, the Current Population Survey, and EMSI's demographic data. By combining these sources, EMSI interpolates for missing years and projects data at the county level. Educational attainment data cover only the population aged 25 years or more and indicate the highest level achieved. State Data Sources This report uses state data from the following agencies: California Labor Market Information Department.